GENERIC NAMES OF BUTTERFLIES 353 



It has long been known that the name Papilio arethnsa Cramer, [1775], the name of the type- 

 species of this genus, was a homonym of the name Papilio arethnsa [Denis & Schiffermuller], 

 1775. Until 1958 however there was no means of determining which of these names should 

 be accorded precedence over the other. In that year however this unsatisfactory situation 

 was brought to an end by the promulgation of the Commission's Opinion 516 (Opin. int. 

 Comm. zool. Nom. 19 : 1-44), in which the Commission gave directions as to the relative 

 precedence to be accorded to the above, and certain other works published in the year 1775. 

 Under that Opinion the Ankilndung of Denis & Schiffermuller takes precedence over the 

 relevant portions of Cramer's Uitl. Kapellen ; in consequence, the name Papilio arethitsa 

 [Denis & Schiffermuller], 1775, takes precedence above Papilio aretlntsa Cramer, 1775, the 

 name of the type-species of the present genus. The next oldest name subjectively con- 

 sidered on taxonomic grounds to be applicable to the species here in question is another 

 of Cramer's, Papilio laodamia Cramer, [1777] {Uitl. Kapellen 1 (11) : 49, pi. 130, fig. A $). 



PERIMELES Godman, [1900], in Godman & Salvin, Biol, cenlr .-amer . , Lep. Rhop. 2 : 542. 

 Type-species by monotypy : Hesperia renins Fabricius, 1798, Snppl. Ent. syst. : 434. 



The name Perimeles Godman is invalid, as it is a junior homonym of the name Perimeles 

 Lenz, 1831 (Naturg. Sdngth. : 158). It has been replaced by the name Remella Hemming, 

 1939 



PERIPLACIS Geyer, [1837], in Hiibner, Zulr. z. Samtnl. exot. Schmett. 5 : 32. Type-species 

 by selection by Scudder (1875, Proc. amer. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 245) : Periplacis 

 glaucoma Geyer, [1837], in Hiibner, ibid. 5 : 32, pi. [159], figs 927, 928. 



Scudder erroneously supposed that Periplacis glaucoma Geyer was the sole species of this 

 genus and therefore treated it as the type-species by monotypy. However, under Article 

 69(a) (iii) Scudder's action ranks as a valid type-selection for this genus. 



PERIPLYSIA Gerstaecker, 1871, Arch. f. Naturgesch. 37 (Erster Bd) : 358. Type-species by 

 monotypy : Periplysia leda Gerstaecker, 187 1, ibid. 37 (Erster Bd) : 358. 



PERISAMA Doublcday, [1849], Gen. diurn. Lep. (1) : 240. Type-species by selection by 

 Scudder (1875, Proc. amer. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston, 10 : 246). : Catagramma bonplandii 



[as bomplandii] Guerin-Meneville, [1844], Icon. Regne Anim. Cuvier 3 (Texte explic.) (Ins.) : 

 484. 



PEROPHTHALMA Westwood, [1851], in Doubleday, Gen. diurn. Lep. (2) : 455. Type- 

 species by monotypy : Mesosemia (Perophthalma) tenera Westwood, [1851], in Double- 

 day, ibid. (2) : 455. 



The taxon represented by the nominal species Mesosemia (Perophthalma) tenera Westwood 

 is currently treated subjectively on taxonomic grounds as being the same as that represented 

 by the older-established nominal species Papilio titllius Fabricius, 1787, Mantissa Ins. 2 : 34. 



PEROPTHALMA Mengel, 1905, Cat. Erycin. : 56 (an Erroneous Subsequent Spelling 

 Perophthalma Westwood, [1851]). 



PERRHYBRIS Hiibner, [1819], Verz. bekannt. Schmett. (6) : 91. Type-species by selection 

 by Scudder (1875, Proc. amer. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 246) : Perrhybris eueidias 

 Hiibner, [1819], ibid. (6) : 91 (a taxon having as the representative of its lectotype, by 

 selection by Hemming (1964, Annot. lep. (3) : 108), the specimen figured as fig. A on plate 

 63 in Part 6 (published in 1775) of volume 1 of Cramer's Uitl. Kapellen and named Papilio 

 pyrrha by Cramer on page 97 of the same volume, the same specimen representing also the 

 lectotype of Papilio pyrrha Cramer, [1775], by selection by Hemming in 1964 in the paper 

 referred to above (: 108). 



The nominal species Perrhybris eueidias Hybner was based upon two bibliographical 

 references, the first to Papilio pyrrha Cramer, [1775], the second, to Papilio iphigenia 

 Fabricius, 1777. Both these names are invalid, being junior homonyms of older names. 

 Papilio pyrrha Cramer is a junior homonym of Papilio pyrrha Fabricius, 1775 (Syst. Ent. : 



