356 FRANCIS HEMMING 



which at the introduction of this name was the type-species of Phanis, the name replaced. 

 That type-species was a misidentified nominal species. In order to rectify this mistake and 

 to promote nomenclatorial stability, the Commission was asked to designate as the type- 

 species of both these genera the species described by Godman in place of the nominal species 

 actually cited by that author. 



What happened in this case was this. Godman, when establishing the genus Phanis, gave 

 a detailed diagnosis. This was based on the characters exhibited by what may here be 

 termed Species " X ". He designated as the type-species what he called Hesperia jastinianns 

 Latreille, [1824]. At the same time he cited as a junior synonym of that name the name 

 Thracides aletes Geyer (in Hiibner), which he attributed to Hiibner. On the following page 

 he described this " species " again calling it by the name justinianus and again citing the 

 name aletes as a synonym. In addition, Godman gave four figures of what he called 

 "justinianus " on his plate 99 : figs 24, 25 (o* ups. & unds.), fig. 26 (neuration), fig. 27 

 (cj genit.). Both Godman's description of "justinianus " and the figures on plate 99 refer 

 to what has been termed Species " X " above. The detailed information provided by 

 Godman, the extensive material in the British Museum and Latreille's type of Hesperia 

 justinianus (a male with a female body gummed on) now also in the British Museum make it 

 clear (as has been demonstrated by Evans, 1955 {Cat. amer. Hesp. Brit. Mus. 4 : 11 8, 119, 

 194, 196)) that the two taxa here in question are very distinct from one another and that all 

 Godman's observations and figures relating to what he called Phanis justinianus (Latreille) 

 refer exclusively to Thracides aletes Geyer. Accordingly, when Godman designated as the 

 type of his genus Phanis, the nominal species Hesperia justinanus, what in fact he was trying 

 to do was so to designate the species which he had misidentified as Hesperia justinianus, 

 namely Thracides aletes Geyer. 



As a stop-gap measure to avoid confusion and unnecessary name-changing Evans (1955, 

 loc. cit. 4 : 118) adopted Thracides aletes Geyer as the type-species of Phanes Godman, at the 

 same time (: 90, 194) erecting the new genus Justinia for Hesperia justinianus Latreille. 

 Since then an application has been submitted to the Commission asking for the settlement of 

 this case on the lines set out above. (See Hemming, 1965, Bull. zool. Nom. 22 : 78). 



PHANESSA Sodovskii, [1837], Bull. Soc. imp. Nat. Moscou 1837 (No. 6) : 80. Type-species 

 through Section (i) (replacement names) of Article 67 : Papilio atalanta Linnaeus, 1758, 

 Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1 : 478. 



The name Phanessa was introduced by Sodovskii as a replacement for Vanessa Fabricius, 

 1807. This action of Sodovskii's was entirely unjustified as Vanessa Fabricius is an available 

 name. In consequence the name Phanessa Sodovskii is invalid as being a junior objective 

 synonym of the name Vanessa Fabricius. 



PHANIS Godman, [1900], in Godman & Salvin, Biol, centr.-amer. Lep. Rhop. 2 : 548. Type- 

 species through Section (a) (misidentified type-species) of Article 70 provisionally applied : 

 [Thracides aletes Geyer, 1832] in Hiibner, Zutr. z. Samml. exot. Schmett. 4 : 31, pi. [126], figs 



73i. 732- 



The name Phanis Godman is invalid, as it is a junior homonym of Phanis Fairmaire, 1893 

 [Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 37 : 42). It was replaced by Godman by the name Phanes [1901], in 

 Godman & Salvin, loc. cit., Lep. Rhop. 2 : 741. 



This is a nominal genus based upon a misidentified type-species. A full explanation, together 

 with particulars of the action to rectify Godman's mistake, has been given above in the note 

 on the replacement genus Phanes Godman. 



PHANOPELTIS Mabille, 1887, in Grandidier, Hist. phys. nat. pol. Madagascar 18, Lepid. 

 1 : 84. Type-species by selection by Hemming (1935, Stylops 4:2): Acraea ranavalona 

 Boisduval, [July-Sept.] 1833, Nouv. Ann. Mus. nat., Paris (2) 2 : 178, pi. 6, figs 3, 4, 5 

 [repaged offprint as Faun. ent. Madagas. : 30, pi. 6, figs. 3, 4, 5]. 



PHANUS Hiibner, [1819], Verz. bekannt. Schmett. (8) : 114. Type-species by monotypy : 

 Papilio vitreus Stoll, [1781], in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (3)1 : 146, pi. 366, fig. D. 



