376 FRANCIS HEMMING 



Linnaeus, 1758, by Stoll in 1780 as fig. A on pi. 318 of Cramer's Uitl. Kapellen, the specimen 

 so figured having been selected by Hemming (1964, (Annot. lep. (3) : 107) to represent the 

 lectotype of this nominal species]. 



An attempt was made by Scudder in 1875 (Proc. amer. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 256) to 

 select a type-species for this genus, but this attempt was unsuccessful. In selecting type- 

 species for genera in the paper cited above he cited the species selected under the name used 

 for it by Kirby in 1871 in his Syn. Cat. diurn. Lep., adding in brackets — parentheses — the 

 species actually placed in the genus by the author of the generic name. This method of 

 selecting a type-species, though undesirable, would have raised no difficulty had only one 

 of the species originally included in the genus been synonymized by Kirby with some other 

 nominal species and this latter species had later been selected as the type-species ; such a 

 course has indeed been expressly made permissible under Article 69(a) (iv) of the present 

 revised Code. It is quite otherwise had the names of two or more of the originally included 

 species been synonymized by Kirby under some other name and it was that other name and 

 not one of the originally included species which a later author attempted to select as the name 

 of the type-species. This is exactly what happened in the present case : Kirby ( : 538) 

 united two of Hiibner's originally included species (Priamides hipponous Hiibner ; Princeps 

 capys Hiibner) under the name Papilio pompeius Fabricius and it was this Fabrician species 

 which Scudder declared was the type-species. This type-selection was invalid, for Scudder 

 did not select one, and not more than one, nominal species placed in the genus Priamides to 

 be the type-species of that genus. The genus remained without a validly selected type-species 

 until in 1935 I selected Priamides hipponous Hiibner to be the type-species. 



The nominal species Priamides hipponous, like all other nominal species established by 

 Hiibner in the Verzeichniss, was based entirely upon bibliographical references. The first 

 of these was a reference to figs A-D on plate 318 in volume 4 of Stoll's continuation of Cramer's 

 Uitl. Kapellen. The specimen figured as fig. A on the above plate has been selected by 

 myself (1964, Annot. lep. (3) : 107) as to represent the lectotype of the nominal species 

 Priamides hipponous Hiibner. The specimens figured on the plate referred to above were 

 misidentified by Stoll as Papilio anchises Linnaeus, 1758. This mistake was noted by Esper 

 in 1788 (Die ausldnd. Schmett. (4) : 53, pi. 13, figs 1, 2), when that author established a new 

 nominal species to which he gave the name Papilio anchisiades, basing that nominal species 

 partly upon a description and figures and partly upon two bibliographical references, of which 

 the first was to the figures on Stoll's plate 318 referred to above. From these syntypes I 

 have selected (1964 (Annot. lep. (3) : 107)) the specimen figured as fig. 1 on Stoll's plate 318 

 to represent the lectotype of Papilio anchisiades Esper. By this second lectotype-selection 

 the nominal species Priamides hipponous Hiibner and Papilio anchisiades Esper became 

 objectively identical with one another. The name Papilio anchisiades Esper, having priority 

 over Priamides hipponous Hiibner, became in this way the oldest available name objectively 

 applicable to the species in question. 



PRIAMOPTERA Rippon, [1890], Icon. Ornith. 1 : 4. Type-species by original designation : 

 Ornithoptera croesus Wallace, [June 1859], Proc. ent. Soc. Lond. (2) 5 : 70. 



In the same volume ( : 32) Rippon designated the nominal species Papilio lydius Felder (C.) 

 & Felder (R.), [1864] (Reise Fregatte " Novara " (1) : 9, figs a, b) as the type-species. This 

 designation was made on some unknown date between 1890 and 1896 ; it accordingly ranks 

 for priority only from 1896 and is invalid, being later than Rippon's selection in 1890 of 

 Ornithoptera croesus Wallace as type-species. 



The taxon represented by the nominal species Ornithoptera croesus Wallace is currently 

 treated subjectively on taxonomic grounds as being a subspecies of the taxon represented 

 by the older-established nominal species Papilio priamus Linnaeus, 1758 (Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 

 1 : 45 8). 



PRIAMUSPTERA Rippon, [1890], Icon. Ornith. 1 : pi. 12, pi. 15, pi. A (an Incorrect Original 

 Spelling of Priamoptera Rippon, [1890]). 



