378 FRANCIS HEMMING 



be undertaken, the Commission by a Ruling given in its Direction i, published in 1954 (loc. 

 cit. 2 : 613-628) placed the name Princeps Hubner on the Official List of Generic Names in 

 Zoology as Name No. 760, subject to an endorsement that it was so placed on that List for 

 use by any specialist who might take the taxonomic view that Papilio demodocus Esper, the 

 type-species of this genus, was not congeneric with Papilio machaon Linnaeus, 1758, the type- 

 species of Papilio Linnaeus, 1758. In the same Direction the specific name demodocus Esper, 

 was published in the binomen Papilio demodocus was placed on the Official List of Specific 

 Names in Zoology as Name No. 191. 



PRIONERIS Wallace, 1867, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 : 383. Type-species by selection by 

 Butler (1870, Cistula ent. 1 : 39) : Pieris thestylis Doubleday, 1842, Zool. Miscell. (Gray) 

 (5) : 76. 



PROACIDALIA Reuss, 1926, Deuts. ent. Z. 1926 (1) : 69. Type-species by original desig- 

 nation : Argynnis clara Blanchard, 1844, in Jacquemont, Voy. Jnde 4 (Zool.) : 20, pi. 2, 

 figs 2, 3 6*- 



PROBLEMA Skinner & Williams, 1924, Trans, amer. ent. Soc. 50 : 62. Type-species by 

 original designation : Pamphila byssus Edwards, 1880, Canad. Ent. 12 : 224. 



PROBOSCIS Thieme, 1907, Berl. ent. Z. 51 (2) : 168. Type-species by original designation : 

 Pronophila propylea Hewitson, [1857], III. exot. Butts 2 : [80], pi. [40], figs 5, 6. 



PROCAMPTA Holland, 1892, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 10 : 293 et not a. Type-species by 

 original designation : Procampta rara Holland, 1892, ibid. (6) 10 : 294. 



PROCLOSSIANA Reuss, 1926, Deuts. ent. Z. 1926 (1) : 69. Type-species by original desig- 

 nation : Papilio aphirape Hubner, [1799-1800], Samml. europ. Schmett. : pi. Pap. 5, figs 

 23, 24 6*. 25 §. 



The taxon represented by the nominal species Papilio aphirape Hubner is currently identi- 

 fied subjectively with that represented by the older-established nominal species Papilio 

 eunomia Esper, [1799] (Die Schmett., Suppl. Band 1 Abschn. Tagschmett. : 94, pi. no, 

 fig- 5 (J). 



PROCRIS Herrich-Schaeffer, 1864, CorrespBl. zool.-min. Ver. Regensburg 18 : in [repaged 

 offprint as Prodromus 2 : 23]. Type-species by subsequent tautonymy : Papilio procris 

 Cramer, [1777], Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9) : 15, pi. 106, figs E, F. 



This nominal genus was established in a synopsis of genera of the family Nymphalidae by 

 Herrich-Schaeffer, who placed it between Heterochroa and Adelpha ; no species were cited 

 for the genera listed in this synopsis. In the following year (1865, ibid. 19 : 76 [offprint as 

 Prodromus 1 : 66]) Herrich-Schaeffer dealt in detail with the genera included in his earlier 

 synopsis, citing species for each. When however he reached the point where on the basis 

 of his earlier synopsis it might have been expected that he would deal with his own genus 

 Procris, he omitted that name altogether, citing in its place the name Acca Hubner which 

 had not appeared in his previous synopsis, but which he thus now clearly regarded as a senior 

 synonym of his Procris ; he cited as belonging to Acca the nominal species Papilio procris 

 Cramer, which would have been the type-species of Procris, if Herrich-Schaeffer had not 

 silently dropped that name. The first subsequent author to deal with this generic name was 

 Scudder (1875, Proc. amer. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 257), who rejected it on the ground 

 that its name was tautonymous with the specific name of its type-species, i.e. Papilio procris 

 Cramer. Scudder was mistaken in regarding tautonymy as a ground for rejecting a generic 

 name, but this does not detract from the fact that on this occasion he was the first author to 

 place a nominal species in this genus, and, as one of the included species was Papilio procris 

 Cramer, that species automatically became the type-species by subsequent tautonymy. 



The name Procris Herrich-Schaeffer is invalid, as it is a junior homonym of Procris 

 Fabricius, 1807 (Mag. f. Insektenk. (Illiger) 6 : 289) and also of Procris Hubner, [1819] (Verz. 

 bekannt. Schmett. (8) : 119). Later, Moore made the type-species of Procris Herrich-Schaeffer 

 the type-species of a new genus to which he gave the name Moduza [1881], Lep. Ceylon 

 1 (2) : 47 . 



