GENERIC NAMES OF B I'TTERFLIES 403 



belonged to the lamily Satyridae. As has been explained in the note on the name Lethites, 

 Scudder rejected the name Satyrites for the incorrect reason that it had previously been used 

 as the name for a taxon belonging to the family-group category. Satyrites is an available 

 name nomenclatorially, its replacement name Lethites being therefore invalid as a junior 

 objective synonym. 



SATYRIUM Scudder, 1876, Bull. Buffalo Soc. nat. Sci. 3 : 106. Type-species by original 

 designation : Lycaena fuliginosa Edwards, 1861, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 1861 : 164. 



SATYRODES Scudder, 1875, Bull. Buffalo Soc. nat. Sci. 2 : 235, 242. Type-species by original 

 designation : Papilio eurydice Linnaeus, 1763, Amoen. acad. 6 : 406. 



The nominal species Papilio eurydice Linnaeus became the type-species by selection by 

 Scudder (1872) of the genus Argus Scopoli, 1777 [Introd. Hist. nut.. : 432), but in 1875 (Proc. 

 amer. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 118) Scudder argued that the name Argus Scopoli should be 

 rejected on account of the taxonomically miscellaneous nature of the species included by 

 Scopoli in this genus. In the same year Scudder established the present genus Satyrodes. If 

 the objections advanced by Scudder had stood by themselves, they would have been quite 

 without force and in consequence the name . I rgus Scopoli would have been an available name 

 and Satyrodes Scudder a junior objective synonym but there was in fact a solid reason for 

 preventing this from happening. This was that the name Argus Scopoli, 1777, was a junior 

 homonym of Argus Bohadsch, 1761. When this was realized, the name Satyrodes Scudder 

 came into general use, the name Argus Scopoli disappearing in synonymy. In 1944 however 

 there occurred a development which by £U < idenl bad the effect of disturbing the settlement 

 described above. This was the promulgation of the Commission's Opinion 185 (Opin. 

 int. Comm. zool. Norn. 3 : 37-52), in which Bohadsch's work entitled " De quibusdam 

 Animalibus marinis " was suppressed for nomenclatorial purposes, in order to prevent the con- 

 fusion in the nomenclature of various marine invertebrate groups which would have followed 

 upon the acceptance of Bohadsch's names. It was only later that it was realized that in certain 

 cases this unqualified rejection of Bohadsch's names might itself give rise to confusion in 

 other cases. One of the cases so affected was that of the generic name Argus, for the rejection 

 of the name Argus Bohadsch, 1761, had the result that the name Argus Scopoli, 1777, was 

 no longer invalid under the Lawof Homonymy and therefore should replace the name Satyrodes 

 Scudder, which as explained above, was at that time currently in use. In order to forestall 

 nomenclatorial disturbances of this type, the Commission in 1956 (Opin. int. Comm. zool. 

 Nom. 14 : 323-338) rendered a further Opinion, promulgated as Opinion 429, in which 

 it limited the direction given in its earlier Opitiion 185, so as to provide that the suppression 

 of Bohadsch's work (prescribed in that Opinion) should apply to new names in that work, for 

 the purposes of the Law of Priority only and should be held to deprive those names of their 

 status under the Law of Homonymy. The effect of Opinion 429 in the present case was, while 

 confirming the rejection of the name Argus Bohadsch for the purposes of the Law of Priority, 

 to provide that, by being kept alive for the purposes of the Law of Homonymy, it should 

 invalidate the use of the name Argus by any later author. In consequence, the name 

 Argus Scopoli, 1777, continued to be invalid as a junior homonym of Argus Bohadsch, 1761, 

 thus preserving the name Satyrodes Scudder, 1875, as an available name, for the present genus 

 and, there being no earlier available name, its valid name. 



SATYRUS Latreille, 1810, Consid. gin. Anim. Crust. Arach. Ins. : 355, 440. Type-species by 

 designation by the Commission under the Plenary Powers in Opinion 142 : Papilio actaea 

 Esper, [1780] Die Schmett. 1 (Bd. 2) Forts. Tagschmett. : 37, pi. 57, figs ia <J, ib $. 



Latreille characterized the genus Satyrus in the earlier part of this work ( : 355) but did not 

 there cite any nominal species as belonging to this genus. Later, in the portion which he 

 called the " Table methodique " (: 440) he placed five species in this genus, three being 

 Tropical, two being Palaearctic. The first attempt definitely to select a type-species for 

 this genus was made by Butler in 1867 (Entomologist 3 : 270) who selected Papilio constantia 

 Cramer, 1777. This selection was invalid, for that species was not one of those cited by 



