SIMULIIDAE OF AFRICA 7 



The genus-group name Hagenomyia Shewell used in the discussion of Tetisimulium 

 Rubzov (p. 106) is a preoccupied homonym for which a replacement name will be 

 given in a later paper. 



MATERIAL STUDIED 



This paper is based primarily on a study of the Simuliidae in the collection of the 

 British Museum (Natural History), which is especially comprehensive for the fauna 

 of Africa. My own collections from Nigeria and Uganda, together with a large 

 amount of material sent to me by workers in Africa and associated islands during the 

 past ten years, has also been studied and will now be incorporated into the British 

 Museum collection. Material on loan has been seen from the South African Institute 

 for Medical Research, Johannesburg. Extra-limital material of New World and 

 Palaearctic forms, required for comparative purposes, has been received during 

 preparation of the paper from the United States National Museum, Washington and 

 from the Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Leningrad, through the courtesy 

 of specialists named in the Acknowledgments, and is now in the BMNH collection. 



TAXONOMIC CHARACTERS AND THEIR TERMS 



Morphological features of value for supraspecific classification exist in the adult, 

 pupal and larval stages : there are no taxonomic characters on the egg. 



Adult characters. Characters of the adult wing, legs, thorax and male hypopygium 

 with their terms are shown in Text-figs. 1-6, and the structures of the female 

 terminalia in Text-figs. 162 & 163. It will be noted that in order to give continuity 

 of usage with the monograph of Freeman & de Meillon (1953) the same terms have 

 been used for parts of the male hypopygium and female terminalia, although some 

 of this terminology is suspect to the morphological purist : it appears useful to 

 continue the usage of coxite and style for its simplicity in taxonomy. The main 

 basally bicornuted plate of the female sucking-apparatus is here termed the cibarium 

 in accordance with the usage of Wenk (1962) ; the area between the cornuae, termed 

 the pharyngeal bar by Freeman & de Meillon, may be simple and straight or smoothly 

 rounded (here characterized as ' unarmed ') or it may bear blunt or prominent 

 denticles. The groove separating the lower part of the mesothorax (katepisternum) 

 from the upper parts in both sexes has been found to be of major taxonomic value 

 and has been termed the mesepisternal sulcus. New taxonomic characters discovered 

 in the present work on the posterior surface of the adult head have necessitated the 

 use of the terms shown in Text-figs. 57-60 : the term postgenal lobe is adopted from 

 the morphological work of Wenk (1962), and the term postgenal membrane is intro- 

 duced for easy reference to the non-sclerotized area in the mid-line lying between 

 the postgenal lobes. 



Pupal characters. The paired branched or variously modified prothoracic organs 

 are physiologically gills, and the simple term gill is here used in preference to the 

 term respiratory organ used by Freeman & de Meillon (1953). Gill form provides a 

 useful character aggregating forms into species-groups, but the gills of forms that are 



