EURASIAN & AUSTRALIAN NEPTINI 5 



Palanda Moore, 1898 : 146 (type-species : Neptis illigera Eschscholtz by 

 original designation). 



Tagatsia Moore, 1898 : 146 (type-species : Neptis dama Moore by original 

 designation). 



Lasippa Moore, 1898 : 146 (type-species : Papilio heliodore Fabricius by 

 original designation). 



Bacalora Moore, 1898 : 146 (type-species : Neptis pata Moore by original de- 

 signation). 



Atharia Moore, 1898 : 146 (type-species : Limenitis consimilis Boisduval by 

 original designation). 



Hubner's genera Pantoporia and Acca included both Neptine and non-Neptine 

 species grouped according to the colour of their markings — orange in Pantoporia 

 and white in Acca. With the selection of type-species by Scudder (1875) both 

 genera became restricted to a Neptine group with specialized venation, which I deal 

 with under Pantoporia. It was not, however, till 1934 that this genus came to be 

 correctly recognized (Hemming, 1967 : 336), having been previously used wrongly 

 in Limenitini. The species now included in Pantoporia had until then been dealt 

 with under Acca and Rahinda. 



Nearly all the sixteen genera described by Moore in 1898 were recognized as 

 ill-founded by his contemporaries and with the exception of Bimbisara were at 

 most used only temporarily by subsequent authors. He surprisingly included 

 Aldania in his group Potamina, which some modern authors, I think mistakenly, 

 separate from the Nymphalidae as the family Apaturidae. 



Fruhstorfer (1908, 1913) maintained Rahinda as a valid genus under which he 

 subordinated Acca as a subgenus — an unacceptable course since the latter has 

 62 years' priority. He divided Neptis into three subgenera : Neptis, Phaedyma 

 and Bimbisara, misusing the last for a heterogeneous collection of species from 

 widely separated groups having little in common save a more or less similar hind 

 wing precostal vein. Subsequently most authors dealing with the Oriental Region, 

 e.g. Evans (1932), Roepke (1938), Corbet & Pendlebury (1956), sank Rahinda, 

 Phaedyma and Bimbisara in Neptis, but in the Australian Region Waterhouse (1932) 

 maintained Acca. It remained for Shirozu (i960) to reinstate Pantoporia and to 

 use it correctly. 



Seokia Sibatani, 1943 (with type-species Limenitis pratti Leech, 1890) is a Limeni- 

 tine genus which is wrongly stated both in Zool. Rec. 1948 : 258 and by Hemming 

 (1967 : 408) to have Papilio aceris Esper, 1783, as its type-species. The latter 

 further wrongly states that Seokia is invalid, on the grounds that it is a junior 

 objective synonym of Neptis Fabricius, 1807. 



In deciding upon the validity of the described genera previous authors seem to 

 have been guided almost entirely by venation. I consider that the male genitalia 

 furnish even more important taxonomic characters. In the Neptini the genitalia 

 are very constant with the exception of the clasp (valva), which generally shows 

 distinctive characters down to species-group level. Its general shape permits the 

 tribe to be divided into two major categories : species in which the ampulla and 



