EURASIAN & AUSTRALIAN NEPTINI 101 



Neptis taiwana Fruhstorfer stat. n. 

 (Text-figs. 72, 73) 



Neptis ananta taiwana Fruhstorfer, 1908c : 131. q* Formosa. Type Paris. 



Neptis horishana Matsumura, 1908 : 157. Formosa. 



Neptis ananta var. moltrechti Oberthiir, 1908b : 330. Formosa, o* type BMNH. 



Neptis (Bimbisava) ananta taiwana Fruhstorfer (syns. horishana Matsumura, moltrechti Ober- 

 thiir) ; Fruhstorfer, 191 3 : 620. 



Neptis ananta- moltrechti Oberthiir ; Oberthiir, 1916 : pi. 410, fig. 3509. 



Neptis ananta taiwana Fruhstorfer (syns. horishana Matsumura, moltrechi Oberthiir) ; Shirozu, 

 i960 : 217, pi. 47, figs. 420-421 $, text-fig. 245 $ genitalia. 



The female appears to be still unknown. 

 Formosa. 



Neptis zaida Westwood 



N. zaida zaida Westwood 

 (Text-fig. 51) 



Neptis zaida Westwood, 1850 : 272, pi. 35, fig. 3 labelled ' Limenitis zaida '. Northern India. 



o* type BMNH. Dimorph with pale yellow markings. 

 Stabrobates zaida (Westwood) Moore, 1899 : 20, pi. 296, figs, i-ie o"9 ' dry season form ', 



<J ' wet season form '. 

 Neptis zaida Westwood f. paliens Fruhstorfer, 1908a : 337. ' Form with dark ochre yellow 



markings '. 

 Neptis zaida Westwood with f. paliens Fruhstorfer (nee Fruhstorfer, 1908a) ; Fruhstorfer, 



1913 : 610. 

 Neptis zaida zaida f. pallida Tytler, 1926 : 582. o"? Mussoorie. Types BMNH. Dimorph 



with almost white markings. 

 Neptis zaida zaida Doubleday [sic] (syns. paliens Fruhstorfer, pallida Tytler) ; Evans, 1932 : 



170. 



The collective species shows an abnormal degree of subspeciation but virtually no 

 seasonal variation. Moore (1899) described and figured (figs, id, ie) a so-called 

 wet season form with orange markings, but unfortunately did not say whence the 

 form came ; it may represent one of the orange-yellow subspecies listed below 

 (it most resembles ssp. manipitrensis Tytler). There is no convincing evidence of 

 orange forms occurring in the area of the nominate subspecies, which is dimorphic 

 both before and during the monsoon, the typical dimorph having pale ochre markings 

 whilst in f. pallida the markings are almost pure white. Fruhstorfer (1908a) 

 mistook the latter dimorph for the typical form and named as f. paliens ' a form 

 with dark ochre yellow markings '. Although he does not say so he may have had 

 Moore's figs, id, ie in mind, and it seems probable that he had no specimens with 

 ochre markings before him at the time. At any rate he does not mention a type 

 and had he selected one it should be in the Paris Museum, but there is none there. 

 Later (1913) Fruhstorfer realized that he had misidentified the typical form and 

 proceeded to misapply the name paliens for the dimorph with white markings — a 

 quite unacceptable procedure despite the suitability of the name for this form. 



