THYRIDIDAE OF AFRICA AND ITS ISLANDS 103 



outer spur of distal pair slightly more than 1/2 length of inner spur. Inner spur of distal pair 

 equal to length of 1st hind tarsal segment. Fore wing, pattern as in PI. 1, fig. F, yellowish 

 brown with transverse markings. Underside brown. Vein R x approaches R 2 half way along 

 length but does not join. Hind wing, pattern variably obscured by reddish brown patch. 

 Underside generally darker than underside of fore wing. Veins Sc+Ri and Rs free. 



Genitalia q* (PI- 35, fig- 192). Lateral arms of gnathus not joined in middle. Median basal 

 process with spines near apex. Juxta with lobes strongly spined at apex. Aedeagus with 

 group of 4-6 cornuti. 



?. Wing, 8-5-10 mm. Colour and pattern as male, generally less red on hind wings and 

 more transverse pattern showing. Labial palps with third segment 1/2 length of second. 



Genitalia $ (PI. 57, figs 341, 342). Ostium broad, spiny. Neck of duct sclerotized but not 

 swollen as in verticalis. Large patch of spines forming signum. 



Discussion. Specimens of this species from the mainland are larger and more 

 heavily patterned than the specimens from Aldabra (PI. 10, fig. 44). The specimens 

 from Mauritius are intermediate in size between the mainland and Aldabran species. 

 When more material is available it may be desirable to separate off the Aldabran 

 and Mauritian specimens as new subspecies but for the present, with the overlap of 

 characters, they are being retained as one species. Externally this species is very 

 similar to H. verticalis but in the male can be separated by the large reddish brown 

 patch on the hind wing of carcealis, and the genitalia are different. In carcealis 

 the juxta is spined at the apex and the median basal process is spined and upturned, 

 whereas in verticalis the apex of the juxta is smooth and the median basal process is 

 not upturned. Generally there are less cornuti in the aedeagus of carcealis than 

 verticalis. 



Distribution. Map 42. Tanzania; Kenya; Malawi; Rhodesia; Aldabra; 

 Mauritius. 



Material examined. 



Holotype^, Kenya: Nairobi, xi.1957 (Carcasson), BM slide no. 10006, in BMNH. 



Paratypes. Kenya: i $, data as type; 2 (J, 1 $, Nairobi, iv.1961 (Carcasson), 

 one (J, one $ in NMK; 1 <$, Nairobi, iv.1958 (Carcasson); 1 <$, Nairobi, iii.1958 

 (Carcasson); 2 $, Nairobi, xii.1959 (Carcasson); 1 <$, West Suk, Kacheliba, vii.1961 

 (Jackson), in NMK. 



Material not included in the type-series. Tanzania: i <$, 1 $, Dar-es-Salaam ; 

 1 o*. 1 ?. Amani (Pringle), iv.1964; Malawi: i $, Nkata Bay, ii.1962, in NMR; 

 Rhodesia: i <$, Wankie (Tyler), iii.1925, in TMP; 1 <$, Umvuma, xii.1917 (Janse), 

 in TMP; 1 $, Sawmills, ii.1918, in TMP; Seychelles: 1 ^, 2 $, Aldabra, Sladen 

 Trust Exped. (Fryer); 4 $, Aldabra, Oc. Indiano, xi.1953, three $ in MNHN; 1 $, 

 Aldabra, S. Island, Cinq Cases, 23-29.1.1968 (Cogan & Hutson), at light; Mauritius: 

 1 o*. Curepipe (Carie), i.1903, in MNHN; 1 g, Curepipe, i.1904 (Carie), in MNHN; 

 1 $, Curepipe, ii.1904 (Carie); 1 <$, 1 $, Curepipe, 23-24.1.1911 (Carie), in MNHN; 

 1 <$, Curepipe, i.1926 (Carie); 1 $, Rose-Hill, 20.V.1949 (Orian); 2 $, Rose-Hill, 

 1 7. i. 1 949 (Orian). 



Hapana minima sp. n. 



(PI. 10, fig. 45; PI. 35, fig. 193; PI. 57, figs 345-347) 

 6". Wing, 6-5 mm. Vertex and frons brown. Labial palps equal in length to diameter of 

 eye, third segment slightly smaller than second. Patagia reddish brown. Thorax brown. 



