THYRIDIDAE OF AFRICA AND ITS ISLANDS 107 



of radial veins, R 3 +R t , R 3 +R i +R i or R 2 +R 3 +R 4 , rarely with veins from cell. Gnathus 

 usually present. Female without signum. 



Biology. No information. 



Key to the Species-Groups of EPAENA 



1 Saccus of male enlarged. i? 5 frequently joined to R 3 +R 4 in fore wing, occasionally 



all veins free TRIJUNCTA-Group (p. 107) 



- Saccus not elongate. Fore wing with i? 5 free from R 3 +R t ..... 2 



2 Fore wing with R 2 joined to R 3 +R t ..... J2VOP5-Group (p. 108) 



- R 2 free from R 3 +R t DANIS 771-Group (p. in) 



The TRIJUNCTA-Grovp 



Only one species is placed in this group. The fore wing venation is very variable 

 but usually has R 3 + R 4 + R b joined near the cell and the male has an elongate saccus. 

 There is some variation in the wing venation between different specimens and the 

 three radial veins are not always fused. However, in the male the elongate saccus 

 separates this species from the others in the genus. The single species in this group 

 has white wings and shows some similarity in shape of the genitalia and in the 

 anastomosing of the radial veins to Tridesmodes ramicnlata but differs from this 

 species in lacking the tarsal spines. 



Epaena trijuncta (Warren) comb. n. 



(PL 11, figs 49, 50; Text-fig. 7; PI. 35, fig. 195; PI. 58, figs 350, 351) 



Dixoa trijuncta Warren, 1898a : 5. 

 Epaena elephantinalis Karsch, 1900 : 246, syn. n. 

 Dixoa trijuncta Warren; Dalle Torre, 1914 : 9. 



[Rhodoneura multipunctata sensu Gaede, 191 7 : 366, nee Hampson.] 

 Symphleps trijuncta (Warren) Gaede, 1917 : 373. 

 Tridesmodes elephantinalis (Karsch); Gaede, 1929 : 497. 

 Symphleps trijuncta (Warren); Gaede, 1929 : 498. 

 Epaena elephantinalis Karsch; Whalley, 1964a : 120. 



o". Wing, 12-15 mm. Vertex brown, tufts of scales on frons projecting slightly between 

 eyes. Labial palps upturned, just reaching vertex, third segment less than 1/2 length of second. 

 Patagia brown, rest of thorax white irrorate with brown. Hind tibia with outer spur of distal 

 pair nearly 2 X length of inner spur. Legs white with black transverse bands. Fore wing, 

 pattern as in PI. n, fig. 50, translucent white with brown costal margins. Black spots on 

 terminal margin between veins. Median fascia obscure except on hind margin where there are 

 variable numbers of brown scales. Underside, median fascia more distinct. More brown scales 

 than on upperside. Terminal margin with almost complete brown line. Veins R 3 and R t 

 joining R 5 or R i +R 3 +R i , usually near cell. Hind wing similar colour to fore wing. Veins 

 Sc +i?! and Rs free, the latter very weak near base of wing. 



Genitalia <$ (PI. 35, fig. 195). Uncus simple. Gnathus with strongly hooked median 

 process. Valves simple, basal process sclerotized. Juxta with two pointed sclerotized lateral 

 lobes. Saccus elongate. Aedeagus with apical process, small spine on manica behind apical 

 process. 



$. Wing, i4*5-i9-5 mm. Colour and pattern as male. Labial palps 2 X diameter of eye, 

 projecting well in front of head. Third segment more than 1/2 length of second segment. 



