THE SOLDIERLESS TERMITES OF AFRICA 



7i 



in the canonical variates analysis. In the principal component analysis, the trans- 

 formation vectors corresponding to the second and third latent roots gave the 

 clearest separation. These respectively were composed mainly of a contrast be- 

 tween ocellus size and mandibular tooth length, and a contrast between mandibles 

 and antennal segment lengths. The same characters in different combinations 

 received the largest weightings in the first three imago canonical variates. Apart 

 from the complex ratios already adopted throughout this work as a result of the 

 multivariate analyses, one further is therefore helpful in the present discussion: 

 Oi.Ow/La.Ra. A. aganus, 0-66-0-72, A. empodius, 1-25-1-85. 



Of the other members of Group II, A. ignavus sp. n. and A. murcus sp. n. are 

 distinguished by the very long head setae of the imago, the much shorter postclypeus, 

 and ocelli closer to the compound eyes. In the worker caste, the vestigial third 

 apical spur of the more slender fore tibia and the two-lobed seating of the enteric 

 valve separate these species from A. aganus. The same features of the worker, 

 apart from the thickness of the fore tibia, also distinguish A . mitis which is rather 

 similar to A. aganus in the imago, though with ocelli closer to the eye, and a less 

 evenly rounded posterior margin to the postclypeus. A. hapalus resembles A. mitis 

 in both castes except that the worker fore tibia has a longer third apical spur, 

 the mandibles have shorter apical teeth, and the postclypeus is longer in the imago. 

 The last two species mentioned appear to be most closely related to A. aganus 

 and one another. In the imago of A. aganus the fontanelle provides a useful 'spot' 

 character by which it is quickly separated from sympatric members of other genera. 

 Alyscotermes kilimandjaricus (Sjostedt), Adynatotermes moretelae (Fuller), Agano- 



105 



^J 



<P 



(A) 



O O o 









 o 



o O o 



OOo ° 



o o 

 o 



►var 3 



(B) 



var. 2 



* Ra /R r R m 

 L m /T w'-a 



(C) 



R a /R,.R m 



T,/T v 



Fig. 105. Astalotermes hapalus (solid dot) recognized by computer as distinct in worker 

 caste from Alyscotermes kilimandjaricus (rings) after misidentification. (A) Plot of 

 principal component scores (transformed variables) corresponding to latent roots 2 & 3 

 of correlation matrix. (B) & (C) Plots of discriminant ratios derived from examination 

 of weighting coefficients on original variables provided by eigenvectors of correlation 

 matrix. 



