PTEROMALIDAE OF N.W. EUROPE 45 



Biology. Recorded as a parasite of the bark-beetle Phthorophloeus spinulosus Rey 

 in Sweden, by Heqvist (i960 : 140) ; of Pityophthorus micrographus (L.) and 

 Polygraphia sp. on Picea excelsa Link, in Poland, by Szczepariski (1959 : 103) ; 

 and of Pityogenes (Pityoceragenes) bistridentatus Eich. in Slovakia (Ghesquiere, 

 1963 : 85). Imagines May and Oct.-Nov. 



CEINAE 



The type-genus of this group, Cea Walker, was originally placed in the vicinity of 

 other genera which are for the most part now referred to Eupelmidae and Cleony- 

 minae. Forster (1856 : 46, 47-48) placed it in his family Cleonymoidae, which was 

 an unnatural assemblage of genera which belong to three different families according 

 to modern concepts. Forster's view was followed by Ashmead (1904) and 

 Schmiedeknecht (1909). Boucek, however (1952 : 157-160) considered the group 

 including Cea Walker and Spalangiopelta Masi to be a relatively isolated one showing 

 some affinities with Diparinae (= Lelapinae), Cerocephalinae, and Spalangiinae. 

 Later (1961 : 55, 57) he established the tribal name Ceini for this group ; and in 

 his Key to the Czechoslovak Pteromalidae (in Peck et at., 1964 : 29) he raised it to 

 the rank of a subfamily. I had independently come to the conclusion that the latter 

 represented appropriate status for the group. 



Key to European Genera 



(Note: macropterous and brachypterous forms occur in both genera.) 

 1 Hind margin of mesopleuron raised above the level of the metapleuron and partly 

 covering it. Fore wing in macropterous forms with at most a fuscous cloud in the 

 middle. Antennae of female with at least some of the funicular segments 

 distinctly less than twice as long as broad . SPALANGIOPELTA Masi (p. 46) 



- Mesopleuron lying in virtually the same plane as the metapleuron, and not over- 

 lapping it. Fore wing in macropterous forms with two fuscous clouds, one below 

 the base of the marginal vein, the other below the stigma. Antennae of female with 

 the funicular segments about twice as long as broad . . CEA Walker (p. 45) 



CEA Walker 



Cea (Haliday MS.) Walker, 1837 : 355. Type-species : C. pulicaris Walker, by monotypy. 



Cea Walker, 1851 : 213. 



Cea Walker ; Forster, 1856 : 46, 47-48. 



Cea Walker ; Schmiedeknecht, 1909 : 154, 155, 157-158. 



Cea Walker ; Jansson, 1945 : 44-50. 



Cea Walker ; Nikol'skaya, 1952 : 209. 



Cea Walker ; Boudek, 1952 : 157-160. 



Cea Walker ; Kerrich, in Kerrich & Graham, 1957 : 2 7°- 



Cea Walker ; Ferriere & Kerrich, 1958 : 22, 25. 



Cea pulicaris Walker 

 (Text-fig. 51) 



Cea pulicaris Walker, 1837 : 356, <j>. 



Cea pulicaria Haliday, 1841-1842 : vi, pi. O, figs. 4, 4a, $. 



