PTEROMALIDAE OF N.W. EUROPE 25 



Antennal toruli nearly always at least slightly separated from the lower edge of 

 the head, but if touching it then not situated on projecting facial lobes, and 

 antennae with only five or six funicular segments. Mesopleuron rarely 

 produced posteriorly in the form of a lamina, if so (Spalangiopelta, some 

 Pirenini) then the lamina does not completely overlap the metapleuron ; 

 mesosternum usually with at most a narrow median longitudinal impressed 

 line, if this line is rather broad then it is situated mainly in the front portion 

 of the sclerite. Propodeal spiracles not overlapped by a raised flap. The 

 other characters not present simultaneously ...... 3 



3 (2) Ant-like species with head, thorax, and gaster all at least partly testaceous. 



Foramen magnum situated near the top of the head. Face, on either side 

 of the clypeus, often with a tubercle, crest, or forwardly-projecting tooth 

 (Text-fig. 34), sometimes (Text-figs. 70, 71) with a second crest on each side 

 just below the level of the antennal toruli ; malar sulcus absent. Antennae 

 8- to 11-segmented, without anelli or, some males only, with one anellus. 

 Propodeal spiracles separated by much more than their own length from 

 the hind margin of the metanotum. 



Wings sometimes vestigial ; when developed having the marginal vein 

 very long, the stigmal vein short, the postmarginal vein equal to or shorter 

 than the stigmal ; parastigma with a callus which often bears a conspicuous 

 tuft of dark bristles. Body of Theocolax $, Text-fig. 50 



CEROCEPHALINAE (p. 56) 



- Species rarely ant-like ; head, thorax and gaster rarely all testaceous- 



marked, if so then the foramen magnum is not situated near the top of the 

 head, and the face has neither crests nor teeth. Antennae often with a 

 different formula. Propodeal spiracles rarely separated by more than their 

 own length from the hind margin of the metanotum .... 4 



4 (3) Spiracles of propodeum situated about half-way between the front and hind 



margins of the sclerite. Antennal toruli (Text-fig. 35) placed on either side 

 of the clypeus and close to the edge of the oral fossa, separated from it by a 

 distance at least slightly less than the height of the toruli ; antennae with 

 three anelli and five funicular segments. Malar sulcus absent. Mandibles 

 bidentate. Body of Cea ?, Text-fig. 51 . . . . CEINAE (p. 45) 



- Spiracles of propodeum always nearer to the front margin of the sclerite than 



to its hind margin, sometimes even touching the metanotum. 1 Antennal 

 toruli separated from the edge of the oral fossa by at least their own height 

 except in Neodipara, some Eunotinae, and some Cleonyminae, in which the 

 antennae have a different formula ....... 5 



5 (4) Antennae inserted on either side of the clypeus, with their toruli touching the 



edge of the oral fossa ; with five funicular segments, without anelli or with 

 only one minute anellus. Body black with a weak metallic tinge ; gastral 

 petiole elongate, yellow. Mandibles bidentate . NEODIPARINAE (p. 66) 



Antennal toruli at least slightly separated from the edge of the oral fossa, far 

 above it in male Dipara petiolata, the only species having a blackish body 

 and elongate yellow gastral petiole ....... 6 



6 (5) Vertex (Text-fig. 36), in addition to some fine hairs, with 6 to 12 conspicu- 



ously strong dark bristles, most or all of which curve forwards ; scutellum 

 with four long bristles only, usually (at least the frenum) longitudinally 

 strigose. Notauli usually complete and more or less strongly convergent, 



1 The male of Merostenus excavatus [Eupelmidae] has the propodeal spiracles only slightly nearer to the 

 front margin than to the hind margin of the propodeum, but it has 1 anellus and 7 funicular segments in 

 the antenna. 



