22 M. W. R. de V. GRAHAM 



At least the middle third of the propodeum bare, except in some exotic Ptero- 

 malidae in which the antennae have seven funicular segments. Hind edge of 

 basal tergite of gaster not so convex, without the appearance of a groove 

 between it and the second tergite. Spur of fore tibia usually stronger 

 and curved. Fore wing often with a speculum. Pronotum often rela- 

 tively short. Scutellum usually with more than four bristles . . . 41 



41 (40) Females with spur of fore tibia weak, nearly straight, only about one quarter 



as long as the first tarsal segment ; spur of mid tibia not longer than that of 

 the hind tibia ; antennal formula 11 163. Males with fore wing with a 

 black sausage-like swelling which occupies the marginal vein and the distal 

 part of the submarginal vein ; antennal formula 11 153. Both sexes with 

 pronotum campanuliform, at least about three quarters as long as the 

 mesoscutum ; anterior tentorial pits forming conspicuous foveae, very 

 large in males ; occiput slightly margined (Platynocheilinae) 



TETRACAMPIDAE (part) 



- Females with spur of fore tibia stronger and longer, nearly always curved but if 



straight then the antennal formula is different and the pronotum is relatively 

 shorter. Antennal formula rarely 1 1 163, if so then the pronotum is relatively 

 shorter, and the anterior tentorial pits are small. Males with fore wings 

 without a black swelling occupying this position, sometimes with the 

 marginal vein short and broad, but not swollen 



PTEROMALIDAE (most species) 



42 (13) Marginal vein of fore wing punctiform or virtually so. Either the fringe of 



the fore wing is extremely long, the length of its longest hairs fully equal to 

 the breadth of the wing ; or the antenna of the female is five-segmented with 

 scape, pedicellus, two minute anelli, and a long clava which is solid or has at 

 most slight traces of segmentation. Minute species, 0-5 to 0.7 mm. 

 (Antheminae and Arrhenophaginae) .... ENCYRTIDAE (part) 



- Marginal vein of fore wing very distinctly, usually much, longer than broad. 



Fringe of fore wing most often relatively shorter. Antenna of female nearly 

 always with a different structure. Size usually greater .... 43 



43 (42) Antenna with six funicular segments and one discoid anellus, the latter often 



hard to see ; middle third of propodeum pilose, the hairs converging 

 towards the median line and leaving at most a narrow median strip un- 

 covered ; fore wing without a speculum. (Males of Tetracampinae) 



TETRACAMPIDAE (part) 



- Antennae with at most five funicular segments ; at least the middle third of the 



propodeum bare ; fore wing most often with a speculum .... 44 



44 (43) Hind legs (Text-fig. 29) having their coxae greatly enlarged and strongly 



compressed laterally, almost laminar ; outer surface of their tibiae with 

 numerous coarse blackish bristles, some of which form a pattern like a 

 series of lozenges. 



Fore wings narrow, nearly or quite three times as long as broad, their front 

 and hind margins nearly parallel ; marginal vein extremely long, hardly at 

 all bent at its junction with the submarginal ; postmarginal and stigmal 

 very short. Mid and hind femora flattened and strongly expanded. 

 Occiput with a sharp edge, the posterior ocelli close to this or almost 

 touching it ELASMIDAE 



- Hind coxae not so large and not laminately compressed ; outer surface of 



hind tibiae without coarse bristles forming a pattern .... 45 



45 (44) Fore wing with postmarginal vein as long as or longer than the stigmal vein, 



the latter not very short EULOPHIDAE (part) 



