PTEROMALIDAE OF N.W. EUROPE 69 



EPICOPTERUS Westwood 



Epicopterus Westwood, 18336 : 418. Type-species : E. choreiformis Westwood, by monotypy. 

 Simopterus Forster, 1851 : 22, pi. 1, fig. 8. Type-species : 5. venustus Forster, by monotypy. 

 Epicopterus Westwood ; Ashmead, 1904 : 274, 275. 

 Epicopterus Westwood ; Schmiedeknecht, 1909 : 275, 276, 280. 

 Simopterus Forster ; Kurdjumov, 1913 : 9. 

 Simopterus Forster ; Masi, 1928 : 318-323. 



Epicopterus Westwood 

 Epicopterus Westwood 

 Epicopterus Westwood 

 Epicopterus Westwood 



Kryger, 1943 : 68-72. 

 Nikol'skaya, 1952 : 239. 

 Graham, 1964 : 45-51. 

 Peck et al., 1964 : 31. 



Epicopterus was not recognized either by Forster (1851) or Thomson (1876-8). 

 Ashmead placed it in Tridyminae ; he did not recognize Simopterus. Kurdjumov 

 (1913) and Masi (1928) correctly referred Simopterus to Eunotinae, but made no 

 mention of Epicopterus. Kryger (1943) recognized Epicopterus as a Eunotine and 

 synonymized Simopterus with it. 



Kryger (1943 : 72, fig. 1) described and figured the hind tibia of Epicopterus as 

 having 2 apical spurs, a long and a short one. I can detect only one spur ; Masi 

 (1928 : 319) also stated that Simopterus had one spur. 



Epicopterus choreiformis Westwood 

 (Text-figs. 37, 72-74) 



Epicopterus choreiformis Westwood, 18336 : 418, $. 



Ormocerus Borges Walker, 1839 : 208, $. 



Simopterus venustus Forster, 1851 : 23-24, pi. 1, fig. 8, $. 



Epicopterus choreiformis Westwood ; Kryger, 1943 : 72-74, $. 



? Simopterus Solarii Masi, 1928 : 320-323, $. 



Epicopterus choreiformis Westwood ; Graham, 1964 : 48-50, <J $. 



Type material. Epicopterus choreiformis Westwood. Lectotype $ designated 

 by Graham (1964 : 50). 



Ormocerus borges Walker. Lectotype $ designated by Graham (1964 : 50), who 

 placed borges in synonymy with choreiformis. 



Simopterus venustus Forster. Syntypes, Germany, near Aachen, and Veen, 3 $, 

 presumably in Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna (not seen). The species was 

 synonymized with Epicopterus choreiformis Westwood by Kryger (1943 : 72). 



Simopterus solarii Masi. Holotype $, Italy, near Genoa (F. Solari), in Museo 

 Civico di Storia Naturale, Genoa (not seen). I have compared the lectotype of 

 choreiformis Westwood with Masi's description of solarii, which it fits almost exactly, 

 except that the antennae and legs of the lectotype are a little darker, but this might 

 be expected in a British specimen. I believe that solarii must be identical with 

 choreiformis, which Masi did not mention and evidently did not know. 



The above synonymy (except solarii) was discussed fully by Graham (1964 : 

 48-50). 



Britain, Denmark, Germany, ? Italy. 



