76 M. W. R. de V. GRAHAM 



Scutellista cyanea Motschulsky 



Encyytus caeruleus Fonscolombe, 1832 : 304, [$], syn.n. 

 Scutellista cyanea Motschulsky, 1859 : 172-173. 

 Aspidocoris cyaneus A. Costa, 1863 : 24-26. 



Scutellista cyanea Motschulsky 

 Scutellista cyanea Motschulsky 

 Scutellista cyanea Motschulsky 

 Scutellista cyanea Motschulsky 

 Scutellista cyanea Motschulsky 

 Scutellista cyanea Motschulsky 



Cockerell, 1898 : 65. 



Howard, 1898 : 19. 



Masi, 1907 : 266-269. 



Smith & Compere, 1928 : 322-333. 



Masi, 1 93 1 : 457-459- 



Peck, 1963 : 633-636. 



There are so many references to cyanea in the literature that only a few are cited 

 here ; a full list is given by Peck (1963). 



Type material. Encyrtus caeruleus Fonscolombe. Location of type unknown 

 (possibly in Museum Nationale d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris). In Westwood's foreign 

 collection in Oxford there is a female labelled " Aspidocoris caeruleus Fonscolombe ". 

 Fonscolombe's description of caeruleus, especially his reference to the long scutellum, 

 applies very well to Scutellista cyanea Motschulsky, and I have no hesitation in 

 synonymizing the two. The name cyanea is so well known that Fonscolombe's 

 name should be rejected even though it has priority. I propose to submit an 

 application for the retention of the name Scutellista cyanea to the International 

 Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 



Scutellista cyanea Motschulsky. Type (not seen) in Zoological Museum, Leningrad. 



Aspidocoris cyaneus Costa. Location of type not known. In Westwood's 

 collection in Oxford there is a specimen donated by Haliday and labelled " Costa 

 Acad, aspir. Nat. Napoli . . . reared from Aspidiotus myrti by A. H. Haliday & 

 from Coccus of orange by Costa, 1863. A. H. Haliday " ; it is a female of Scutellista 

 cyanea. Although it is not a syntype, it is a useful indication because Haliday saw 

 Costa's original specimens, as the latter mentions in his paper. The species was 

 synonymized with Scutellista cyanea by Masi (1907 : 266). 



France, Spain, Italy, Greece ; Palestine, India, Ceylon, China, Japan, 

 Hawaii ; North and South Africa, Eritraea, Kenya, Uganda ; U.S.A., 

 Peru ; Australia. It was introduced into the U.S.A. from Italy, for the purpose 

 of biological control, in 1895. 



Biology. Parasite of various species and genera of Coccoidea (chiefly Pseudo- 

 coccidae and Coccidae) ; a host-list and full references are given by Peck (1963). 

 An important paper is that of Smith & Compere (1928) which includes an account 

 of S. cyanea as a parasite of the black scale, Saissetia oleae (Bern.), of citrus fruit. 



Scutellista obscura (Forster) 



Enargopelte obscura Forster, 1878 : 62-63, 6* $■ 

 Enargopelte obscura Forster ; Masi, 193 1 : 446-448, 5" $■ 

 Enargopelte obscurus Forster ; Kryger, 1943 : 80-81, <£ ?■ 



Type material. Syntypes (France) presumably in Naturhistorisches Museum, 

 Vienna. 



