PTEROMALIDAE OF N.W. EUROPE 81 



were in the British Museum collection at that time. The above syntypes comprise 

 10 $ and i (J ; the female standing ninth in the series is now designated LECTO- 

 TYPE of Asaphes vulgaris Walker and has been so labelled. 



The description of Asaphes vulgaris Walker was published in April 1834, that of 

 Eurytoma aenea Nees probably not before October 1834 at the earliest, according to 

 the records of library accessions. Walker's name therefore has priority, and has, 

 moreover, been generally accepted. The holotype female of Eurytoma aenea Nees 

 is lost, but there is no doubt that it was the same as Asaphes vulgaris Walker. 



Chrysolampus suspensus Nees, 1834, was placed in synonymy with Asaphes 

 vulgaris Walker by Reinhard (1857 : 76). In the present work suspensus is regarded 

 as a valid species. 



Pteromalus petiolatus Zetterstedt. One female, presumed to be the holotype, is in 

 Zetterstedt's collection ; it is placed on the same pin as the type of his Pteromalus 

 violaceus, and their common label reads " P. violaceus $. P. petiolatus $. Wittang ". 

 The type of petiolatus is the same as vulgaris Walker. 



Chrysolampus aeneus Ratzeburg. This was evidently considered as a new species, 

 since Ratzeburg does not mention the Neesian species Eurytoma aenea. Ratzeburg 

 later (1852 : 229) mentioned that he no longer possessed the holotype $ of his aeneus. 

 From his description it must certainly have been the same as vulgaris (Walker), 

 with which Reinhard (1857 : 7^) synonymized it. 



Boucek (19646 : 672) reported that he had found a specimen labelled as Chryso- 

 lampus aeneus in the remnants of Ratzeburg's collection recently discovered in 

 Eberswalde. He stated that this specimen, a female, agreed with Ratzeburg's 

 description and was labelled " C. pomor. [Curculio Pomorum] ", " aeneus Rtz." and 

 " Chryso-lampus Spin.". Boucek was unwilling to designate this specimen as 

 lectotype because Ratzeburg, as mentioned above, had stated in 1852 that he no 

 longer possessed the holotype. It is remarkable, however, that the above specimen 

 has the correct data ; Ratzeburg (1848 : 185) stated " Ich erzog ein Stuck aus 

 Curculio Pomorum ". I consider that it could be regarded as the holotype ; it 

 might not have been lost, but only mislaid, when Ratzeburg wrote in 1852. 



In addition to those given in my key, vulgaris has the following characters : 



$. Head, thorax and gastral petiole varying through bronze, or bronze with a greenish or 

 bluish tinge, to nearly black ; the scutellum is often more conspicuously tinged with bronze than 

 the rest of the thorax ; gaster black or virtually so. Length 1-2 to 2*3 mm. Head and thorax 

 with more numerous bristles than in suspensus. Ocelli disposed in a triangle of about no°. 

 Antennal scrobes (Text-fig. 80) deeply excavated. Pronotal collar with shoulders rather 

 prominent. Antennal pedicellus nearly twice as long as broad. 



cJ. Head, thorax, gastral petiole, and coxae, varying from dark to bright green, blue-green, 

 or blue ; remainder of legs testaceous with the hind femora infuscate at least proximally ; 

 sometimes the fore and mid femora are slightly infuscate, occasionally the hind tibiae are 

 slightly darkened. Length i-i to 1*5 mm. Bristles of head and thorax, antennal scrobes, 

 and pronotal collar, much as in the female. Ocelli disposed in a triangle of no to 115 . 



A widely distributed and very common species. Europe (probably the whole 

 continent), Iceland, Greenland ; ? Canada, ? U.S.A., ? Argentina (the New 

 World records need checking). 



