334 M - W. R. de V. GRAHAM 



Biology. Unknown. Haliday (1844 : 295) recorded having taken the species 

 [as Macroglenes umbellatarum] on flowers of Angelica sylvestris and Senecio jacobaea ; 

 also (ibid., as Calypso serratulae) on flowers of " Serratula arvensis". The latter 

 plant was undoubtedly Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. ; Haliday probably used Mackay's 

 Flora Hibernica (1836) in which Serratula arvensis L. is cited (p. 155) as a synonym of 

 " Cnicus arvensis Hoffm. Creeping Plume-Thistle ". Many Pirenines visit flowers 

 of Umbelliferae and there is probably no specific association of compressus with 

 Angelica, but its occurrence on the other plants mentioned might be worth investiga- 

 tion. Imagines of compressus appear in July and August. 



PIRENE Haliday 



Macroglenes Westwood, 1832a : 127, syn. n. Type-species : M. oculatus Westwood, by mono- 



typy. 

 Pirene Haliday, 1833 : 336. Type-species : P. varicornis Haliday, by designation of Westwood, 



1839 : 67. 

 Corynocere Nees, 1834 : 123. Type-species : C. deplana Nees, by designation of Gahan & 



Fagan, 1923 : 39. 

 Macroglenes Westwood ; Haliday, 1844 : 295. 

 Pirene Haliday, 1844 : 296. 



Macroglenes Westwood ; Thomson, 1876a : 188-189 [ex parte]. 

 Pirene Haliday ; Thomson, 1876 : 189-190. 

 Pirene Haliday ; Schmiedeknecht, 1909 : 271, 273. 



? Phocion Girault, 1925 : 91-92. Type-species : Ph. ipswichi Girault, by original designation. 

 Macroglenes Westwood ; Ferriere, 1934 : 86, 88. 

 Pirene Haliday ; Ferriere, 1934 : 86, 89. 

 Pirenisca Ghesquiere, 1946 : 369 (n. n. for Pirene Haliday, supposedly pre-occupied by Pyrene 



Bolten, 1798]. 

 Pirene Haliday ; Nikol'skaya, 1952 : 237. 

 Macroglenes Westwood ; Nikol'skaya, 1952 : 237-238. 

 Pirene Haliday ; Peck et al., 1964 : 32. 

 Macroglenes Westwood ; Peck et al., 1964 : 32. 



Hitherto Macroglenes Westwood and Pirene Haliday have been regarded as 

 distinct genera. Males with enlarged eyes were referred to the former genus, those 

 with normal eyes to the latter ; females were referred to one or other genus on the 

 basis of the number of funicular segments. Haliday (1844 : 295) defined Macro- 

 glenes as follows : " Palpi maxillares 4-articulati. Oculi <$ maximi vertice approxi- 

 mati ", and Pirene (ibid. : 296) thus " Palpi maxillares 2-articulati. Labiales 

 obsoleti ". In Macroglenes he included umbellatarum Haliday [which is now referred 

 to Stenophrus], penetrans Kirby, and microcerus Haliday, giving Pirene graminea 

 Haliday, 1833 as a synonym of the latter. It does not seen possible to achieve a 

 natural arrangement of the species on the basis of the number of segments in the 

 maxillary palpi, as suggested by Haliday. The distinction he drew between 

 Macroglenes and Pirene does not hold good partly because he miscounted the number 

 of segments in the maxillary palpi of some species. I have examined these structures 

 in 9 of the species which I now refer to Pirene. It is not easy to ascertain the exact 

 number of segments, because in some species one is not sure whether the most 



