REVISIONARY CLASSIFICATION OF RUTILIINI 53 
the ventrolateral and dorsal parts of T3 that it forms an almost complete band around 
the whole of this tergite and in dorsal view completely conceals the metallic blue 
ground colour of this tergite. 
A white-spotted pattern of the type just described does not occur in quite the same 
way in other subgenera of Rutilia s.1., although some of these contain individual 
species in which there is some development of a white-spot pattern with a superficial 
resemblance to that of Ameniamima, for example an undescribed species of subgenus 
Chrysorutila in which the thoracic spotting is the same except for lack of definite 
sternopleural spots and in which the abdomen has ten small sharply-defined silvery 
white spots on a purplish black background (four spots in a transverse row on each 
intermediate tergite, and paired lunate spots on the last tergite); two species of 
Grapholostylum have a pattern of whitish spots, viz. albovirida Malloch and 
| dorsomaculata (Macquart), but in these species there are ventral spots or pollinose 
areas on the tergites and a pair of submedian spots on the scutum which are not 
found in Ameniamima. The resemblance, however, between the spot-pattern of 
Ameniamima and of the Calliphorid fly genus Amenia is extraordinarily exact, and 
the former name here proposed for a subgenus of Rutilia alludes to this fact as well 
as to the other many similarities by which Ameniamima counterfeits Amenia. 
The astonishing convergent resemblance between Rutiliini and Ameniinae 
(Calliphoridae) was already recognized in an inchoate way as early as 1830, when 
| (as Crosskey (1965 : 41) has pointed out) Robineau-Desvoidy realised that it was by 
an error that he had placed the Ameniine species Amenia leonina (Fabricius) in 
Rutilia when the latter was first described. Since then several workers have com- 
mented on the resemblance and some have been misled into uniting the Ameniines 
with the Rutiliines, mainly because of the common possession of a large facial carina 
_and the same range of colour and pattern; Enderlein (1936) named the Ameniine 
| genus I’ormositomima for a species seemingly mimicking the black-and-white pattern 
of Formosia speciosa (Erichson). It is now established beyond any doubt that the 
_ Ameniines, with their Calliphorid type of male genitalia (completely unlike the 
, Prosenine Tachinid genitalia with the extraordinarily elongate slender aedeagus) and 
| other Calliphorid characteristics are not Tachinidae (see Crosskey (1965)), and hence 
' that the resemblances are due to convergence. These resemblances reach their 
/ apogee amongst the species of Rutilia here placed in the subgenus Ameniamima 
and in the species of Amenia Robineau-Desvoidy, in which it almost seems as though 
individual species have their respective counterparts: bright green specimens of 
| R. (A.) argentifera have their counterpart in Amenia imperialis R.-D., while R. (A.) 
| quadripunctata (Malloch), which is often more blue, resembles A menia leonina (Fab.). 
| However, all the Amenia species have a pair of silvery white pollinose spots in a 
| postalar position (partly overlying the postalar callus and partly the hind scutal 
| border) which are always absent in Rutilia s.l. 
_ Three of the nominal species included in the present subgenus were placed by 
Malloch (1929, 1930) when originally described in the genus Formosia because of the 
bare suprasquamal ridge, a character which Malloch rather rigidly regarded as 
‘absolutely dependable for separating Formosia from Rutilia; reliance on this charac- 
| ter alone induced Malloch to place the three ‘bare ridge’ species here included, and 


