84 R. W. CROSSKEY 
and is not a synonym either of Rutilia decora Guérin-Méneville or of R. splendida 
(Donovan) as Townsend stated (1932 : 38-39; 1938 : 416). On the other hand, 
the name is a senior synonym of Rutilia albopicta Thomson (syn. n.), the type-species 
designated by Enderlein (1936) for his genus Agalmia, and because of this specific 
synonymy the generic name Agalmia Enderlein, 1936, is a new synonym of Grapholo- 
stylum Macquart. (Here it should be noted that Agalmia of Enderlein (1936) in 
the Rutiliini is a junior homonym of Agalmia Enderlein (1934) in the Muscidae; no 
replacement name is needid as Agalmia Enderlein, 1936, is itself a synonym.) 
Grapholostylum, as here redefined as a subgenus within Rutilia s.l., contains a 
small number of species that are very distinctive in the ¢ fifth sternite and ¢ 
hypopygial characters but which do not differ very strikingly on their other charac- 
ters from certain other Rutilia. Certainly on the features of head form, chaetotaxy, 
aristal hairing, and abdominal shape the subgenus shares many characters in 
common with the subgenus Microrutilia Townsend, and in the presence of a well 
formed transverse row of median marginal setae on T3 there is a marked resemblance 
between one of the species of Grapholostylum, viz. subtustomentosa, and the subgenus 
Rutilia s.str. However, subtustomentosa has the § sternite 5 and hypopygial charac- 
ters exactly as in dorsomaculata (I can find no real differences at all between the 
genitalia of the two species), and subtustomentosa is assignable to subgenus 
Grapholostylum and not to Ruizlia s.str. 
Sternite 5 in the male in this subgenus is shaped as in Text-fig. 33; the sides of the 
sternite are drawn out to sharp points and there is a pair of large blunt downwardly 
directed submedian lobes with a deep narrow cleft between them. The submedian 
prominences are easily visible on the abdomen when seen in situ and project con- 
spicuously in profile; the hind margin of the sternite is clearly excavate between the 
submedian prominence and the lateral extremity of the sternite. A ¢ sternite 5 of 
this form occurs nowhere else in the Rutiliini, and therefore makes Grapholostylum 
an especially distinctive segregate. 
The aedeagus in Grapholostylum differs from that of all other subgeneric segregates 
of Rutilia sl. The membranous distal section of the distiphallus is exceptionally 
long and slender, rather whip-like (Text-fig. 38), and about twice as long as the 
sclerotized proximal section (which is of normal length) ; in other Rutilia s.1. the distal 
section of the distiphallus is either shorter than, or about subequal in length to, the 
proximal section. Species of subgenus Grapholostylum have, in fact, the most 
elongate form of aedeagus found in the Rutiliini. Another slight difference in the 
aedeagus between Grapholostylum and other Rutilia subgenera lies in the shape of the 
epiphallus: in Grapholostylum the epiphallus, seen in profile, is widest well beyond 
the junction of the distiphallus (Text-fig. 38), whereas in other subgenera the 
epiphallus is widest at its base (i.e. near the junction with the distiphallus) and 
contracts thence towards its apex (Text-fig. 37). 
Apart from the genital differences, Grapholostylum differs from Rutilia s.str. by 
lacking a median dorsal excavation in the last visible atdominal tergite (T5) and by 
having a convex scutellum which lacks any definite flattening before the apex. 
Differences between Grapholostylum and Microrutilia are discussed under the latter 
subgenus. 
