TACHINIDAE OF AUSTRALIA 39 
setae also; face without a median keel (at most only faintly raised on upper part); ocellar 
setae reclinate or divaricate in most forms (sometimes ocellar setae almost hair-like and then 
proclinate); antennae falling short of epistome; palpi present; humeral setae varied, usually 
at least two (rarely one one differentiated) ; acy setae absent or o + I or 1 + I; dc setae 2 + 3 
or 3 + 3; two sa setae (hind one sometimes very small); two post ia setae (very strong and 
subequal in size, anterior one nearer to transverse suture than to the posterior one); pra seta 
very small (rarely undifferentiated); from 1-3 stpl setae (aberrantly 4); infrasquamal hairs 
absent (rarely one or two very minute hairs); scutellum with three or four pairs of marginal 
setae and without discal setae (normally three marginal pairs, but additional weak fourth 
pair present outside the apicals in Calyptromyia and Claivvillia Robineau-Desvoidy); wings, 
normal, clear hyaline; second costal sector bare or haired below; basal node of R,,; with 
one hair or strong setula (this feature very constant but a second supernumerary hair may 
occur in Calyptromyia); bend of M varied, abrupt or evenly curved, sometimes with M, 
appendix; cell R; open, closed at wing margin, or long-petiolate; lower calyptrae rounded, 
sometimes slightly to enormously enlarged in g, often rather opaque white; last section of 
Cu, at least two-thirds as long as m—cu; legs with strong setae, always without scale fringes; 
hind tibia usually with three strong dorsal preapical setae (i.e. pd preapical present in addition 
to ad and d), but pd preapical occasionally very weak or absent; hind tibia without pv apical 
seta (except in Brullaea Robineau-Desvoidy); hind coxa and abdominal base approximated, 
posteroventral declivity of the thorax membranous medially; abdomen elongate-subovate, 
not flattened above, apex not recurved; Tr + 2 excavate only at base; abdomen with strong 
setae; sternites concealed; end of 2 abdomen with a pair of horizontal forceps-like processes 
(Text-fig. 93). 
Leucostoma, the only genus known in Australia, can be recognized by the 
accompanying key to phasiine tribes. The Oriental genus Calyptromyia might 
just possibly occur in northern Australia though not yet found: it is distinguished 
from Leucostoma by having the parafacials completely haired, four pairs of scutellar 
setae, and cell Rk; open at the wing margin (instead of bare parafacials, three pairs 
of scutellar setae and long-petiolate R;, as found in Leucostoma). 
Tribe EUTHERINI 
This tribe is currently considered to be composed of the single genus Euthera 
Loew. This very distinctive genus comprises a few species from each major 
zoogeographical region and an undescribed species from New Caledonia. The 
tribe is very little known as most of the species are rather rare (or at least poorly 
represented in museum collections). For many years the hosts remained unknown, 
but it is now established that Euthera parasitizes adult Pentatomidae (Hemiptera), 
a fact which confirms that the tribe is rightly placed in the Phasiinae. Before the 
host relations were established the correct position of the genus was rather uncertain 
and van Emden (1960 : 378, 382) put Euthera into the Minthoini because of a 
resemblance to minthoines in the flattened tarsi. 
Euthera was split by Townsend, who treated the Eutherini as composed of four 
genera (Townsend, 1936, 1938) each confined to a different zoogeographical region 
(Euthera proper in North America, Eutheropsis Townsend in the Palaearctic, 
Preuthera Townsend in Africa and Macreuthera Bezzi in Australia, the last of 
these originally proposed by Bezzi as a subgenus of Euthera). Separate generic 
