ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS OF WESTERN EUROPE. 365 



Buffalo, half Pony, as it were — often bear vestiges of their 

 Hartebeest ancestry in the shape of more or less distinct amplia- 

 tions on the horns near the base, and most distinct on the 

 posterior aspect. In a pair I recently examined the cow had 

 five distinct rings on each horn, and very similar markings were 

 recognisable on the bull. One character of these animals appears 

 to have been hitherto overlooked in descriptions of their external 

 appearance — the mane hangs over to the right side of the neck, 

 whereas in several other Antelopes, such as the Beisa (Oryx 

 beisa), this appendage inclines to the left. Brindled Gnu are 

 fond of rubbing themselves against posts, and also delight in 

 rolling in any moisture that may be found in their paddock. 

 They are extremely inquisitive, and will frequently come up to 

 investigate an object with determined and not very friendly 

 curiosity. If two are kept together they will fight in a more or 

 less determined manner, dropping on their knees to crash their 

 heavily armed heads together. Females with young are very 

 alert and suspicious ; one Gnu, which I had permission to photo- 

 graph, becoming somewhat alarmed at my proceedings (though 

 at a distance of fully one hundred yards), gave the alarm by a 

 peculiar braying snort. Immediately on hearing this the calf 

 got up, and stood staring hard in the direction of the supposed 

 danger. 



Bubalis buselaphus (Bubaline Hartebeest). — The Bubaline 

 Hartebeest does well in captivity, and under suitable conditions 

 will breed as readily as Eland or Burchell Zebra. In 1900 there 

 was quite a large herd at the Jardin des Plantes, Paris, number- 

 ing eight individuals, of which at least three had been born in 

 the menagerie. The young were fawn-coloured like the parents, 

 and had small horns in the form of short backwardly directed 

 divergent spikes. The colour of the Bubaline Hartebeest appears 

 well adapted to protect it in its desert home. I found that the 

 outlines of a menagerie specimen standing on a sanded floor 

 and against the woodwork of its enclosure began to be indistinct 

 at a distance of twenty-four yards. 



Giraffa camelopardalis (Northern Giraffe). — The history of 

 the Giraffes brought to London in 1836 is probably familiar to 

 many ; most readers of ' The Zoologist ' will recollect that the 

 four animals then imported became the founders of a long line 



