CHINESE DREI'ANINAE 71 



to fore wing in coloration but rest of wing is much paler and differently coloured ; antemedial 

 fascia well-marked and nearly straight in most species, but only present at anal margin in 

 bicostata, very poorly defined in humerata and either absent or weakly marked and lunulate in 

 undata ; postmedial fascia arcuate in humerata, present only at anal margin in bicostata, either 

 absent or weakly marked and lunulate in undata, strongly marked and either straight or slightly 

 arcuate in remaining species ; subterminal fascia represented by poorly marked neural spots 

 in at least some specimens of each species, except in bicostata and humerata which have no 

 subterminal fascia and in vira which has a pale continuous subterminal fascia. Under surface 

 of wings grey, buff or yellow, variously marked, usually with poorly defined postmedial fasciae. 



o* genitalia : valve broad with well-developed sacculus and L- or T-shaped process bearing 

 long setae at base of costa ; medial sclerotization of diaphragma weakly developed except in 

 duplicata which bears three short spines ; short spine or lobe at each side arising from lateral 

 sclerotization of diaphragma, partly concealed by valve, well-developed except in undata 

 or humerata, spines overlapping in lilacina ; vinculum produced inwards posteriorly in bicostata 

 to form gnathus ; socius strongly developed, with arcuate apical spine except in undata, 

 humerata and duplicata ; uncus strongly developed, bifurcate apically except in humerata ; 

 aedeagus variously ornamented ; seventh abdominal sternite forming part of genitalia, except 

 in undata and humerata, weakly sclerotized, without apodemes in vira, bicostata and duplicata, 

 with single medial apodeme in remaining species ; eighth abdominal tergite well-developed, 

 broad, with lateral apodemes ; eighth abdominal sternite convex posteriorly in duplicata, 

 emarginate in rest of genus ; long eversible sac on each side of eighth sternite in vira. 



9. As for male, but antennae filiform, weakly ciliate. 



$ genitalia : ostium with lateral and ventral lips ; eighth segment well-developed, bilobed 

 and invaginate dorsally except in vira, bicostata and undata ; corpus bursae without signum, 

 or with single, small, oval, invaginate signum. 



Nordstroemia is probably most closely allied to Betalbara Matsumura from which 

 it can be separated by the colour-pattern of the wings and by the male genitalia. 



Except for humerata (and undata which is placed tentatively in Nordstroemia) the 

 species of this genus are remarkably uniform in colour-pattern and genital structure, 

 and the interspecific affinities are consequently difficult to assess. For example, 

 duplicata is externally almost identical to problematica, but similarities in the male 

 genitalia suggest a much closer relationship between japonica and problematica in 

 spite of the external differences between the latter two species. There is, however, 

 sufficient morphological evidence to suggest that particularly close affinities exist 

 between japonica, grisearia, agna, problematica, simillima, siccifolia, sumatrana, 

 argenticips, recava, lilacina and ochrozona. 



In the following brief revision eight species have been transferred from Albara to 

 Nordstroemia and one from Drepana, two new species are described and several 

 names are relegated to synonymy. Sixteen species are now included in Nord- 

 stroemia. Except for sachalinensis Matsumura, the type of every nominal species 

 and subspecies has been examined. 



Distribution. N. India, Sikkim, N.E. Burma, China, Formosa (undescribed 

 species), Japan, Malaya, Sumatra, and Java (undescribed species). The following 

 species are known to occur in China : vira, bicostata, japonica, agna, recava, duplicata 

 and undata. Twelve of the 16 species of Nordstroemia are endemic to the Indo- 

 Chinese Subregion, sumatrana and lilacina are endemic to the Malayan Subregion, 

 grisearia is restricted to the Manchurian Subregion, and japonica is shared by the 

 Indo-Chinese and Manchurian Subregions. (See Table 1.) 



