131 
Mr. Acting-Consul Austin’s despatch to the Foreign Office, it is of 
comparatively recent introduction into Brazil :— 
* * In 1834, or soon after, the Imperial Nena a ites of intro- 
ducing several species of coffee amongst us advan eously cultivated 
in other parts of the world, committed the error ord "nportítig plants 
instead of seeds, and thus we had here coffee trees grown in Ceylon, 
pem v bao ie &c., it being quite possible that in this manner the 
germ of the coffee disease was. imported.’ ‘This is also the opinion of 
Mr. B. Ar Mann, who has reported in the most admirable manner 
upon the whole subject to ihe Brazilian Government (see * American 
Naturalist,” 1872, June and October). I may also call attention to a 
th ld, 
injured leaves while the coffee-fly is still in the larval state. Mr. Mann 
‘ i i t 
remarks f the leaves were picked at such a time as to take the 
greatest number of larve when they were about two weeks old, it 
wo be difficult to select them, as the size of the blotches would 
make them very noticeable. ae find that the expense would be more 
than met by the next year's c 
* Mr. Consul Pauli has sent idi Puerto Rico leaves which are affected 
with ihe Cemiostoma in its most characteristic manner, The disease 
zog is do little injury in this island, and no particular attention is 
paid to 
“Tn oe zuela a disease occurs which is known by the name of 
* Candelillo,’ and which is also, according to in ormation supplied by Mr. 
R. T. C. Middleton, Her Majesty’s Minister at Caracas, identical with 
the * mancha de hierro," or “ iron stain." Dr. rnst, however, beg tA 
them to be different, and attributes the latter to the Cemiostoma. The 
reports that they are affected by a minute ere a De; pazea, for whic 
e proposes the specific name of maculos It has fusiform spores 
0008 in. long, and containing about seven niiki In Venezuela coffee 
appears to suffer little, comparatively speaking, from maladies of any 
kind.” 
A further note appeared in the Kew Report for the year 1877, pp. 
8-29 :— 
“ Cemiostoma coffeellum.—In my report for last year, I mentioned 
p. 21) the existence in Venezuela of a disease known hy the name of 
* Càndelillo,” and which Mr. R. T. ©. Middleton, Her Majesty’s 
Minister at Caracas, stated tò be identical with the ** mancha de hierro ” 
or “iron stain." Prof. Ernst, ae , considered that they were 
in 
coffeellum. The specimens of “ iron state 
by Mr. ence proved to be the work of a fungus (Depazea 
maculosa) and not of an insect. But Prof. Ernst has since kindly sent 
to me undoubted examples of the ravages of the Cemiostoma, and the 
presenee of that destructive insect in Venezuela. can no longer be doubted 
as now therefore been ascertainec more or less momen 
through the Leeward and Windward Sadin (Puerto Rico, Dominica, 
and Martinique) and all the Atlantie coffee-growing districts of South 
meri 
B 2 
