323 
may be suggested that an indigenous industry would almost naturally be 
expected to have survived in its original home with greater pertinacity 
— nes has manifested. It is remarkable also that the plant grown 
in South India is an American species of the genus quite 
coheed don that of Bengal. 
But leaving aside speculations as to the origin of the industry, it 
may be said that two circumstances ear y began to militate against the 
expansion of the Indian trade in this dye,— the discovery o 
source of indigo in America, and (6) the adulteration practised by the 
native manufacturers. Adulteration has been for several onde past, 
and is so now, the chief cause of other countries being abie to deprive 
India of her natural trade—the adulteration of wheat and cotton are 
the two most pressing examples at the present day. The French, 
Spanish, Portuguese, and inglish colonists accordingly took to indigo 
troubles that about this time arose in Europe may be said to have 
restored to India her old industry. The British East India Company, 
realising that the English manutacturers were now practically depend- 
ent on the French and Spanish for indigo, encouraged the establishment 
of indigo factories in Bengal, and thereby indigo cultivation and 
manufacture were made to migrate from the western to the eastern v 
of the country, and from Native to Europeau manufacturers. ‘The 
that continues to be paid for Native-made Madras indigo relative to the 
European Bengal article (or that made by Natives on European 
trade. Th 
2,762 factories and 6,032 vats, and these give employment to 356, 675 
persons during the working season irrespective of the agricultural 
labour te produce the plant. . . . . may be said that in less 
than = years the East India Company restored to India its lost 
industry. Last pus export of indigo were 126,706 ewts., 
5 at 41, 000,000 rupee 
TANNING MATERIALS. 
Every day the outcry for tanning materials is becoming more pressings 
and it would therefore seem desirable that an effort should be m 
foster the semi-cultivation of some of the better kinds of the pean 
products of this nature, such, for example, as the bu', Cassia 
iue Myrobalars, the Indian Sumach, Sal, and many others 
Cutch or Catechu is the resinous extract obtained by pine Perm E 
decoction obtained from chips of the heartwood of Acacia Catechu ard 
oceasionally of one or two other Acacias. Ba aches of preparing 
this extract has been handed down from a remote antiquity, so that in 
man s of the country a distinct people qt this as their heredi- 
tary occupation, and take their name as Khairis from that of the tree 
Khair. 'The extract is known to the people of India as Ka ith, hence in 
some parts of the country the makers of it are known as Kathkaris. In 
Bombay the Kathkaris are darker and slimmer than other forest tribes, 
They have no €— language of their own, but in conversation they 
have a tendency to reduce words and shorten speech and uniformly get 
id of the decia not the tense, inflections of the verb. By the forest 
