1905.] SCANDINAVIAN CRANIA. 21 



11.6 mm. less than brachy-cephalic Sandwich Islanders. 

 Notwithstanding these marked reductions in average height, 

 the supra-zygomatic segments of the two dolicho-cephalic 

 groups differed by 3 per cent. in favour of (i. e. was greater 

 in) the Scandinavian skulls. In the two brachy-cephalic 

 sets the percentage difference was not so marked, being 

 only 0.5 in favour of the Scandinavian. In the meso- 

 cephalic skulls, the supra-zygomatic segment gave a smaller 

 percentage than in either of the other sets; but it came 

 intermediate between the percentages of the dolicho-cephalic 

 and brachy-cephalic savages. 



III. GLABELLO-OCCIPITAL LENGTH. 



The general results of its segmentation may be summarised 

 as indicating increase of the parietal segment among the 

 dolicho-cephali; increase of the post-lambdoidal segment 

 among meso-cephali. 



The præ-condyloid and post-condyloid segments bear a 

 definite relation to the basi-nasal length, which again is in 

 direct proportion to the facial extension and the amount of 

 prognathism. 



At birth the most rigid part of the skull is that portion 

 of the floor anterior to the foramen magnum, so that the 

 basi-nasal and basal-transverse diameters may be accepted 

 as respectively representing the length and width of this 

 portion of the skull. Since it is in relation to this region 

 that the facial bones are developed, an examination of these 

 two diameters in adult skulls provides some very interesting 

 points of comparison. In the civilised skull (Scandinavian) 

 there is a marked reduction in the average length of the 

 basi-nasal diameter as compared with its average length in 

 such savage skulls as Australian Aboriginals and Sandwich 

 Islanders. On the other hand, the average basal-transverse 

 diameter both for dolicho-cephalic and brachy-cephalic skulls 

 was, less in the savage than in the civilised race. In com- 



