BUFFALO SOCIETY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 27 



occurring also in the Temeside group. Eurypterus pygmceus Salt, and 

 Stylonurus megalops Salt, are common as fragments in the higher olive 

 shales of the Temeside group. Pterygotus banksii Salt, together with 

 numerous indeterminable species of Eurypterus are found in the 

 Ludlow Bone-Bed; this species is also common in the Platyschisma 

 bed and the upper olive shales of the Temeside group; in the same 

 shale P. ludensis Salt, is abundant. In all cases where species are 

 reported to be common it is to be remembered that no entire speci- 

 mens are found but only fragments and disjecta membra. The occur- 

 rences cited are from the Ludlow district in Shropshire; to the south- 

 west in the Down ton Castle sandstone at Kington in Herefordshire 

 Pterygotus banksii has been found in large numbers associated with 

 P. gigas, the spines of Crustacea and fish and also Platyschisma heli- 

 cites and Lingula cornea. Salter has further described Eurypterus 

 abbreviatus from a single telson which he found at Kington. Brodie 

 collected specimens of Pterygotus banksii, Eurypterus pygmaeus, E. 

 acuminatus, and E. abbreviatus at Purton, Herefordshire. The great- 

 est abundance of specimens is found in a sandy marl lying just below 

 a yellow sandstone containing plants, seed-vessels of Lycopodiaceae 

 and fragments of eurypterids. The horizon is about that of the 

 Ludlow Bone-Bed (24, 236). 



The Ludlow of Scotland is found only in a few inliers in Lanark- 

 shire. Division 3 recognized by Peach and Home (215) consists 

 of flagstone and greywackes with Ceratiocaris beds and containing 

 the Ludlow fish band. From these beds Slimonia acuminata Salter 

 has been described associated with five species of Ceratiocaris and worm 

 tracks. From the same shales Pterygotus bilobus Salter and the com- 

 mon Ludlow fish Thelodus scoticus are reported. In certain places 

 occur Beyrichia kloedeni and Platyschisma helicites forms very fre- 

 quently associated with Upper Siluric eurypterids. The fish band 

 contains Slimonia acuminata, the myriopod Archidesmus loganensis 

 Peach, four species of the phyllocarid crustacean Ceratiocaris and one 

 of Physocaris, together with numerous fish fragments and two species 

 of Thelodus. Of great interest has been the discovery by Peach in 

 this fish band of one of the oldest scorpions from Great Britain, 

 Palaeophonus caledonicus Hunter. This is approximately the same ho- 

 rizon at which Lindstrom found Palaeophonus nuncius in Gotland (see 

 below, p. 34). The eurypterid horizon par excellence occurs in the 

 next higher division above the fish band and contains Eurypterus 

 lanceolatus (Salt.) , Eusarcus obesus (Woodw.),E.scorpioides (Woodw.), 



