148 THE HABITAT OF THE EURYPTERIDA 



9. UPPER SILURIC OF PODOLIA AND GALICIA 



Along the Dniester and its tributaries in Galicia and Podolia Upper 

 Siluric rocks have been found containing a few fragments of Euryp- 

 terus fischeri. This discovery was one of the earliest and was made 

 by Major-Ingenieur Bloede who found a single impression in a piece 

 of shale from an unknown locality in Podolia. Graf Fischer de 

 Waldheim described this form as Eurypterus tetragonophthalmus, 

 communicating his description to the Societe Imperiale des Natural- 

 istes de Moscow in 1839 (64). The specific name was given because 

 the eyes were supposed to be of a tetragonal outline, but subsequent 

 study showed that they had the typical margins, and the form was 

 later identified first as E. remipes, then as E. fischeri. Schmidt records 

 finding the eurypterid remains at the base of the Upper Siluric and 

 notes that just as in the occurrences on Oesel so in Podolia the euryp- 

 terids and fish remains are found without any other associates. In 

 regard to the occurrence of E. fischeri noted by Barbot, Malewski, 

 Alth and others, Schmidt makes the following remarks: "In Podolia 

 occurs a species absolutely identical with ours which was formerly 

 identified with E. remipes, and which will probably make possible 

 even further differentiation from the American species. So far as I 

 know there have been but three undoubted specimens found up to 

 this time: (1) the original specimen of Fischer (now in Moscow) 

 from Zwilewcy on the Smotricz, (2) Bloede's specimen (in our Berga- 

 kademie Museum) from Balagowa on the Dniester, (according to 

 Barbot) ; and (3) that from the Kiew Museum obtained from Duma- 

 now. Malewski also cited Zawalje, Kitaigorod and Studzienica; but 

 I cannot hold these statements as very reliable, since the specimen 

 from Studzienica which is before me, is the horizontal section of a 

 large Comulites serpularius (Sil. Syst.) which species is well known to 

 me from Oesel (Johannis)" (Schmidt, 245, 13, 14). The Pterygotus 

 fragments which have been reported, Schmidt considers as identical 

 with P. osiliensis (formerly called P. anglicus) from Rootzikiill. 

 Schmidt continues: "Of the latter I know practically every single 

 piece, but I have never found a complete individual. Also in the 

 transition beds from limestone to sandstone at Zalesczyki I have found 

 broken pieces of shell, which, however, deserve no particular further 

 examination (245, 13)." In another place, referring to this last men- 

 tioned occurrence he makes the following significant statement: "The 

 uppermost beds at Zalesczyki become sandy and red and the fish 



