BUFFALO SOCIETY OF NATURAE SCIENCES 409 



initiation of a group movement northward along the valley of 

 Mud Creek, similar to that along Honeoye Creek. Such a move- 

 ment seems to have originated at or near the head of Canandaigua 

 Lake. Seneca tradition indicates this in making their nation 

 spring from a great hill at the head of Canandaigua Lake. No 

 Stone Age Seneca site of any size has been found there, however. 

 The Stone Age articles found on the flats at Naples by Mr. D. 

 Dana Luther, and described by him as coming from "Nun-da- 

 wa-o, the oldest Seneca village", are mainly Algonkin in type, 

 though some undoubted Iroquoian points occur. There are two 

 villages and a large camp at Bristol in the Mud Creek valley, 

 west of Canandaigua Lake, from which come Stone Age articles 

 of the Iroquois type, but not enough is known of these sites to 

 warrant any theories regarding their occupancy. 



Lower down in the valley of Mud Creek are three sites, all 

 later than the Stone Age. One is on the farm of Mr. Appleton, 

 near Holcomb. Another is on the farm of Jesse Marsh in the 

 northeast corner of the township of East Bloomfield. A third is 

 on the farm of Henry Fox at Wheeler Station. It seems entirely 

 possible that this last is an early site of Gandougarae which was 

 burned in 1670 and rebuilt, probably on the Marsh farm. The 

 Appleton site is perhaps an early site of Gandagora, from which 

 the inhabitants moved, first to the Beal site, and later to the site 

 at Victor, on Boughton Hill. 



This Boughton Hill site has been positively identified as the 

 Mission of St. Jacques in the village of Gandagora, and here as 

 at Totiakto, the community movement was checked by the dis- 

 aster incident to the French invasion and turned eastward. The 

 two villages of Gandagora and Gandougarae seem to have joined 

 in this eastward movement and to have settled first at Canan- 

 daigua and later in the region east of Canandaigua Lake, where 

 they were found in 1779 by General Sullivan in scattered towns 

 at Geneva, Canandaigua and along Seneca Lake. 



At East Avon on the farm of Mr. Cleary is an early site. 

 This community seems to have moved eastward a few miles to 

 Lima and thence to the site on the Dann farm, three miles north 

 of Lima, where under the name of Ganounata it was burned 

 in 1687. 



The whole movement of the Seneca Nation from their Stone 

 Age village at Richmond Mills, northward toward Lake Ontario, 



[4] 



