BUFFALO SOCIETY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 415 



ARTICLES OF CLAY. 



In the collections are perhaps twelve clay jars of various sizes, most of 

 them very small. A few are large, the largest holding perhaps four quarts. 

 One has a flaring rim and serrate pattern, similar to those shown in figures 

 115 and 132 in Beauchamp's "Earthenware of the New York Aborigines". 

 The smaller jars hold about a teacupful. One is beautifully made and 

 decorated, but some are very rudely made. 



The collection contains a large number of most excellent pipes, alto- 

 gether perhaps forty. Many of the pipes are ornamented, and most of them 

 are made to represent the human form and various animal and bird forms. 

 The "Washington pipe" from Saratoga County, figured by Peauchamp, fig. 

 211, is almost duplicated in this collection. Two effigies of animals, pos- 

 sibly bears, with brass eyes, and two of human heads, are almost duplicates 

 of two found in a grave at Canagora. Some of these pipes seem to have been 

 broken at the time they were thrown into the graves. 



ARTICLES OF SHELL. 

 Shell articles are exceptionally numerous and fine. In the collection 

 are perhaps eight quarts of clam shell wampum. Excepting this wampum 

 most of the shell articles are made of massive shell, perhaps fulgur. A large 

 portion of a shell, with its columella removed, may have been a ladle, or 

 may have been raw material, brought to the village for working up. A 

 columella about six inches long and five-eights of an inch thick may have 

 been raw material for making discoidal and cylindrical beads, of which 

 many are contained in the collection. 



Several roughly cylindrical beads, about an inch and a half long and 

 three-fourths of an inch thick, came from one grave. 



There are numerous claw shaped, tooth shaped and nondescript pen- 

 dants. 



Perforated olivella shells are found on the surface. 



Many of the shell articles are illustrated in Beauchamp's "Wampum and 

 Shell Articles used by the New York Indians", figures 84, 124, 130, 136, 142, 

 143, 144a, 166, 168. 



Three gorgets from this collection are shown by Beauchamp, figures 

 162, 164, 164a. 



Crescent shaped pendants, made from fresh water mussel shells, are 

 numerous. 



Some beautiful shell "pins" are figured by Beauchamp, figures 78a, 79. 



ARTICLES OF WOOD. 



Wooden ladles come from the graves. Most are fragmentary. One has 

 a carved handle. 



TRADE ARTICLES OF IRON. 



Axes, hoes, gun locks, knives, scissors and awls are numerous. One 

 gun lock was oiled and put into condition to use. A flint-lock pistol is 

 shown. Many knives have bone handles similar to those from the graves at 

 Gandagora. One iron wire bracelet is shown. 



