100 
in Potentilla fruticosa we have the most striking link between the 
two floras, as, though a rare plant, it is undoubtedly native in the North 
of T. and the West of Ireland 
“The flora of Western Tibet has long been tolerably well known. 
Eastern Tibet on the other hand was stated by Sir Joseph Hooker in 
1855 to bə *quite unknown botanically) Since this time our know- 
ledge of the northern belt is the result of the journies of Prjevalsky and 
Potanin, of Captain Bower, and of Mr. Rockhill. The publication of 
the. collections of the two former pide prie was interrupted by the 
lamented death of Maximowiez. Those of the two latter were worked 
neighbourhood of the Tengri Nor and Sikkim our knowledge is still 
extremely limited, and is much enlarged by Mr. Littledale's work. Sir 
h $ 
to ecies. In 1882 the Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta, 
obtained some plants through a aroe collector, Ugyen Gyatsho, who 
accompanied Sarat Chandra Das s journey to Lhasa; the collector 
did not, devei: get further n "ttis Gyatse Jong. In 1590, Prince 
Henri d'Orleans, like Mr. Littledale, attempted to reach Lhasa from 
the north, but apparently collected no plants in this part of his 
journe 
“The gs Sg under which the Tibetan flora exists are perhaps 
unique. Lon o General Strachey expressed -— d that 
flowering plants rade up to 19,000 ft. E .R.G.S. xxi, p.77). But 
18,000 ft. appears to have been the h highest Chant Fd: ‘level till the 
receipt of the collections of Surgeon-Captain Thorold who accompanied 
Captain Bower. e conditions under which vegetation can exist in 
such circumstances are of course extreme. It is hardly necessary to say 
that there are no trees and no shrubs nor any plants above a foot high. 
Very few indeed are above 3 inches out of the ground. eneral 
(Journ. Linn. Soc, xxx., p. 101). A very large proportion of the plants 
are herbaceous per canals v w (ith long tap-roots, a rosette of leaves lying on 
the ground, from the centre of which springs ‘the dwarf inflorescence. 
The flora as a whole belongs to the Arctic-alpine division of the 
at northern region. But as usual this sae a purely endemic 
element, and also one related to the neighbouring area to the south, from 
it has been perhaps recruited. Of the characteristically Tibetan 
plants obtained by Mr. vt aC some had been previously ot exclave by 
u Of the typical gr ig alpine flora two species may bè singled out as 
representative. Lychnis apetala extends to Spitzbergen, and there is a 
very interesting bha. of the well-known edelweiss, Leontopodium 
2 num, which was also collected by Mr. Rockhill. The total absence 
of gentians in Mr. Littledale’s-collection 1s remarkable. It is interesting 
to note that the single fern colectas Polypodium hastatum, was 
b 
anong, the new species is a Venus pis Of two fungi colleeted, one: 
is new 
