104 
E remainder being uncropped in the summer, but cropped with maize 
During the winter the country is an uninterrupted 
wn i 
ilow. 
* The clover is sown gH the cotton epu before they are cut, 
and gives five cuttings between November and June, requiring eight 
waterings. Maize follows during the flood, sid; after the maize, wheat. 
During the next flood maize is again sown, and is followed by clover, 
which, after two cuttings, is ploughed up to make way for cotton. 
Thus, | in three years the cultivator gets a crop of cotton, two crops of 
maize, a crop of wheat, and seven cuttings of clover. In some places 
cotton is grown every other year, the intermediate crops being wheat, 
maize, and clover. On the large estate which formed the ‘ Domains’ of 
ai ha, and is now managed by a board on behalf of his creditors, 
ihe maize cropping is generally omitted, and the land is given two 
fall od-time the course of thr ears. Maize is almost 
invariably manured. Cotton follows clover and is commonly unma- 
nured. But the Domains administration has found that, by the use of 
manure, at least 200 Ib. can be added to the produce per acre, and the 
practice of top-dressing is Jenae . It may be safely concluded 
that two-thirds of the De lta—or one and three-quarters million 
acres—receive manure annually.” 
DLI.— PAPAIN. 
(Carica Papaya, L.) 
The papaw tree is one of the commonest objects in tropical countries. 
The fruit cultivated is pear- or almond-shaped, 7-15 in. long, yellow 
when ripe, and often eaten as a delicacy. The milky inis is well known 
to render meat tender, and even the leaves are sometimes used for that 
purpose. This milky juice contains a ferment which has a solvent 
action upon albuminoid substances, and, like pepsin, curdles milk. It 
is, however, not so active as pepsin 
Inquiry has been made as to the preparation of papain for commerce 
in our tropical possessions. The demand is, however, extremely small. 
A small factory already exists in the island of Montserrat, as recorded 
in the Kew Bulletin (1891, p. 120), the output of which, with an 
increased Pam. sei ta be much increased. 
icle Agricultural Ledger, 1896, No. 31 
(Medica d Chemical Series), issued by the Reporter on ‘Economic 
Product he Government of India, the following particulars are 
given apes the properties and preparation of papain in India :— 
Un 
ron on gr^ Juiee of Carica Papaya from Gondal, Kathiawar, 
HN C. UMNEY, with a Review of the Recent Literature 
fed the ‘Subject, by D. ie F.C.S. 
The Carica Papaya tree is so well known and established in India 
that it seems desirable to set forth what authentic information we 
