180 
Several exotic species in both — 1 prepare the wood for dt E 
tion of the eggs by gnawing off a circular ring of bark round a branch; 
The part of the branch beyond the ring dies and init the eggs are 
deposited. This form of egg-laying is not shown, from the pieces of 
wood sent, to occur in the present cases, but it is important to know of 
its existence, as it is apt to be very puzzling whenever it is observed for 
time. 
It i he : think, undeniable that Longicorn beetles will select perfectly: 
healthy trees for oviposition, at least at certain times and in the case of 
caren, cs but they are generally attracted to a tree by at least a 
local injury which affords a favourable spot for oviposition, and, in com- 
mon with other wood-boring beetles, they generally prefer trees ‘of which 
the health has deteriorated and especially those of which the normal flow 
of sap has diminished. 
Causes enti to Selection of Trees for Egg-laying. 
In a ngicorn injury, attention should be paid to the 
following points as likely t o give some pe to the reasons which have 
je to the trees being selected for attac 
. Antecedent injury by other insects especially extensive defolia- 
a loss of nutrition due to scale, blight, or other sucking ge 
root-injury, by subterranean larve of different kinds such as chafer 
bs. 
2, Fungoid disease, Ma sil bb attended with loss of foliage. 
3. Drought, TUNE or due the presence of an unsuitable 
situation for planti 
4. Unsuitable soil, or soil deteriorated by over-exposure to sun, etc. 
5. Imperfect root- -gowth, such as oecurs when the soil-depth is too 
Visto and the roots meet with clay or the li 
. Gross injuries from storms, wounds inv olving loss of bark, and 
the like. 
'These are some of the causes which lead to selection of particular 
trees. But inasmuch as these insects will habitually select sickly or 
overshadowed trees in preference to healthy ones, when they are not so 
numerous as to be restricted in their choice, it must be recollected 
that extensive damage to previously healthy trees is generally indicative 
the species having been allowed to multiply and become over- 
abundant in the situations er it normally selects for breeding. This 
multiplication is usually due to the non-remoyal of infested, sickly, 
and dominated trees, stumps, pee and brushwood of kinds in which 
they will breed 
Freedom from their attacks can only be secured in situations where 
the trees are liable to them by strict attention to clean cultivation and 
the removal of all dead and dying material. 
Characters of Longicorn larve. 
"The larve of Longicorn beetles are alike in general appearance and 
difficult to distinguish. They ure soft and flattened, especially in front, 
white or pale, with a much-wrinkled thin skin, The "head i is short, trans- 
‘after the enlarged one or two anterior segments, and is not tapering or 
fusiform. It is not curved vals, but is straight when the larva 1s 
