MIGRATIONS OF BIRDS AT TUSKAR ROCK. 225 



not in spring is extremely significant. Such analogies can 

 hardly be established in the absence of a full and personal know- 

 ledge in regard to the exact circumstances under which the 

 birds were obtained ; even endowed with this knowledge, it might 

 be still a difficult matter to decide as to whether analogy existed 

 in every case. My Tree-Pipits, though obtained on a rock 

 on which a lighthouse happens to be erected, did not in all 

 likelihood approach the lantern, but arrived in full daylight, 

 when no luminous beams were shining to allure them. I have 

 already given strong evidence in favour of adopting this view in 

 the body of this paper. Here I may strengthen the evidence 

 still further by stating that on the day when the first Tree-Pipit 

 was collected, there were exceedingly few birds seen in the 

 vicinity of the lantern during the previous hours of darkness, 

 and when the second Pipit was collected no birds at all appeared 

 at the lantern the night preceding, the weather being altogether 

 unsuitable for alluring migrants. Hence for this and other 

 reasons already mentioned, these Tree-Pipits could hardly have 

 descended from the lantern at dawn and, as fatigued birds, 

 remained on the Eock for several hoars until I collected them. 

 Besides, we must keep clearly before us the important fact 

 that visits of Pipits of any species to the Tuskar lantern are 

 very exceptional, whereas Meadow-Pipits in great numbers, 

 and Eock-Pipits in lesser numbers, not only pass by but also 

 frequently alight on the Tuskar Eock during their diurnal move- 

 ments. I believe that the Tree-Pipits here under consideration 

 were, after venturing to set out in the early hours of the morn- 

 ing, held up almost at once by the high winds which prevailed 

 on each occasion, and so they took advantage of alighting on 

 the Tuskar Eock which lay in their route. The tendency for 

 Pipits as a class to alight in greater numbers proportionately in 

 rough weather has been already pointed out. 



Incidentally referring to the Eeed-Warblers which I col- 

 lected, Mr. Moffat considers these birds, together with two of 

 the same species previously recorded by Mr. Barrington, and 

 several other species besides, as autumnal stragglers. Of the 

 circumstances in connection with the capture of Mr. Barrington's 

 specimens I have few details ; we are told that they were killed at 

 light-stations in autumn, and of the total numbers of each 



