PHARYNGEAL TEETH OF FISHES. 



383 



seven along its epibranchial. They have a number of fine teeth 

 on their inner faces ; on the inner side of this arch there are 

 longish tubercles, also covered with teeth. The second arch has 

 much the same horny gill-rakers on its outer edge with teeth on 

 them, and toothed tubercles on the inner side. Both sides of 

 the third and the outer side of the fourth have toothed tubercles. 

 The upper pharyngeals bear cardiform teeth thickly planted 

 together, the points showing at the surface of the mucous mem- 

 brane they are embedded in. Those growing on the bone 

 attached to the second epibranchial show up more distinctly 



Fig. I. 



1. — MULLUS BAREATUS. 



-Trachinus DRACO. 



than the others. The lower pharyngeal teeth show as one 

 broad patch across the floor of the mouth of cardiform teeth 

 thickly matted together. Pig. I., 2. 



Trachinus radiatus, a Mediterranean fish, has flat tubercular 

 gill-rakers on the outer sides of the inner arches covered with 

 minute teeth. The upper pharyngeal teeth are in two separate 

 plates on each side, the upper one long and narrow, the lower 

 one of a long oval shape ; its lower margin stands away from 

 the mucous membrane below it. The lower pharyngeal teeth 

 are on two broad triangular patches, close together at the 

 anterior apex, but diverging very much at the posterior end. 



