PHARYNGEAL TEETH OF FISHES. 



269 



teeth, those on the inner edges being a little larger than the 

 others. The lower pharyngeals in two long narrow plates a 

 little longer than those of the upper, but only two-thirds of 

 their breadth. 



Mur^nid^. 



Murcena Helena, common in the Mediterranean and occa- 

 sionally met with on the south-west coast of England, has no 

 gill-rakers. The upper pharyngeal teeth are on a long narrow 

 plate attached to the head of the fourth epibranchial, and are 



-MURiENA HELENA. 



Fig. II. 



2. — Myrus vulgaris. 



strong, sharp, cardiform teeth in a single row. The lower 

 pharyngeal teeth are similarly strong, sharp, cardiform teeth 

 arranged partly in a double, partly in a single row. Fig. II., 1. 



Esocid.e. 

 Esox lucius (the Pike) has no gill-rakers, the surface of the 

 cerato-hypobranchials being covered with minute teeth ; a few 

 extend also up the epibranchials. The upper pharyngeals are in 

 two long plates, but sparsely supplied with small cardiform teeth. 

 The lower pharyngeal teeth are in two rather broad patches of 

 similar but smaller teeth. There is a long patch of minute teeth 



