214 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
Penguin (Spheniscus demersus) are constructed of small stones, 
shells, and débris.* 
In the Angra de Sam Bras, which is believed to be Mossel 
Bay, or some other bay in proximity thereto, there were Seals in 
great numbers. On one occasion the Portuguese counted three 
thousand in the bay. Some were as large as Bears, and their 
roaring was like the roaring of Lions. Others were quite small, 
and these bleated like kids. The author of the Roteiro appears 
to think that there was more than one kind of Seal in the bay, 
but this is doubtful, for Seals of different species do not usually 
herd together. The difference in size and in power and quality 
of voice may be explained by supposing that there were differ- 
ences of age and sex amongst the Seals; all may have been of 
that species upon which various names have been bestowed, as 
Otaria pusilla, Arctocephalus delalandii, and A. antarcticus. An 
adult male A. delalandwt is recorded to have attained eight feet 
and a half in length, and cubs from six to eight months old 
measure in length about two feet and a half.t In the same bay 
Anchovies were plentiful, and were caught and salted for pro- 
visions on the homeward voyage. 
I conclude by mentioning the animals which were observed 
in the earlier stages of the journey. In August, 1497, in which 
month the ‘Sao Rafaell,’ commanded by Paulo da Gama, in 
which our author sailed, was, I opine, slowly making its way 
across the Gulf of Guinea, birds which resembled large Herons 
were seen; these may have been Great White Herons on a 
migratory journey southwards. On the 27th day of October in 
the same year, when the vessels were nearing the south-west 
coast of Africa, Whales and Seals were encountered, and also 
‘“‘quoquas,” {| which appear to have been Whales of a different 
kind from those named “‘ baléas.”” On the 8th day of November 
the ships cast anchor in a wide bay, which extended from east 
to west, and which was sheltered from all except north-westerly 
winds. It was subsequently estimated to be sixty leagues 
distant from the Angra de Sam Bras, and as the Angra de Sam 
* Moseley, ‘Notes by a Naturalist on the Challenger,’ p. 155. 
+ ‘Catalogue of Seals and Whales in the British Museum,’ by J. EH. 
Gray, 2nd edition, p. 53. 
| Can ‘‘ quoquas”’ be “‘corcovas” and signify humpbacks ? 
