170 



THE ZOOLOGIST. 



In some cases the Newt, in the first trial, immediately got 

 out ; in others, it attempted to reverse at once, but was unable 

 until, after the practice of several trials, it had learnt to bend 

 its body circularly, or, as was the habit of some, to force them- 

 selves up straight without bending. Intervals of two minutes 

 were allowed between each trial ; it was again seen that these 

 simple movements were readily lost after intervals of sixty, 

 forty-five, twenty, and ten minutes. I observed, however, that 

 the Newts showed unmistakable signs of the influence of their 

 previous training, although this more rapid re -acquirement 

 would not be shown on paper by giving the time records. 



Table 4. 



No. of Test. 



Time. 



1 





20 



10 min. 



2 





21 





3 





22 





4 





23 





5 





24 



2 min. 



6 





25 



3 min. 



7 





26 



3 min. 10 sec. 



8 



4 min. 20 sec. 



27. 



28 



1 min. 30 sec. 



9 





1 min. 10 sec. 



10 



10 min. 30 sec. 



29 



4 min. 30 sec. 



11 





30 



1 min. 20 sec. 



12 



5 min. 50 sec. 



31 



5 min. 40 sec. 



13 



14 min. 



32 



12 min. 



14 





33 



8 min. 



15 





34 



2 min. 



16 



2 min. 30 sec. 



35 



7 min. 30 sec. 



17 





36 



7 min. 



18 





37 



2 min. 30 sec. 



19. 





38. 



3 min. 



III. 



One form of labyrinth used was a spiral, which was placed 

 vertically in a large glass jar (see Fig. 2, p. 163). Table 5 gives 

 the particulars. 



This labyrinth took advantage of the Newt's "nosing" in- 

 stinct, as all it had to do was to " nose " the roof of each storey 

 until it hit the opening. The learning of the maze also involved 

 nothing but the Newt's motor sensations and the sense of touch, 



