370 THE ZOOLOGIST. 



stalking after Squirrels or Sparrows feeding on the ground, its 

 actions and movements are very similar to those of a cat. 



Some years ago I had a pair of Jackals (C. aureus), which 

 were brought up with the dogs of the house, and the former in 

 various ways learnt to imitate the latter. They would rush out 

 of the house after strangers just in the manner of dogs ; hunt 

 in company with them ; and once actually helped to kill a wild 

 cat ! They would often come to the table for scraps, but never 

 got rid of that horrible habit of howling when they heard their 

 brethren outside. 



Lovers of dogs should be able to throw some light on the 

 question whether the canine species ever suffers from the effects 

 of somnambulism. Some years ago I had a dog which would 

 often, while fast asleep, suddenly jump down from his bed, walk 

 about the room in a dazed sort of manner with half-closed eyes, 

 and quietly get back to bed again as if nothing unusual had 

 happened. During these midnight wanderings, I once or twice 

 made a noise by dropping a book on the floor, or clapping my 

 hands, and the dog certainly seemed to wake up and stare 

 about, just as a human being might be expected to do, if roused 

 suddenly out of a deep slumber. 



I have frequently noticed that dogs, when dreaming, not 

 only bark in low tones, but keep moving their jaws as if they 

 were crunching something. A few twitches in the hind legs are 

 sometimes also noticeable. 



Birds seldom appear to dream, but when they do, I have 

 occasionally noticed them opening and shutting their beaks. 

 Doves and pigeons frequently "coo" in the nights, but I have 

 never yet been able to ascertain properly whether they were 

 awake or dreaming. 



Animals and birds are, without doubt, fully cognisant of the 

 great principle that "in unity lies strength." Most of us have 

 doubtless often observed that a dog, when single-handed, will 

 sometimes refuse to attack a wild cat, or other similar animal, 

 and yet how completely matters change if another dog is intro- 

 duced on the scene. 



In this station (Simla) there seems to be an old standing 

 feud between the monkeys and crows, and when the latter are 

 breeding, the former make a great point of destroying as many 



