i:^^^ — ■ 



166 GOODYEAR ON GUM-ELASTIC. 



which the fabrics are passed while in a soft state. The other 

 mode is that of perforating them, either before or after they are 

 finished, with machinery, Hke that which is used for perforating 

 fancy paper. By either of these methods the fabrics may be 

 pierced in various patterns or devices, at a very trifling expense. 



NAPPING. 



There are two methods by which a nap is given to the 

 various fabrics, one of which is to dust woolen or other 

 flocks upon them, by machinery, such as is represented by 

 No. 7. By this machinery a coat of dissolved gum is applied 

 to the fabrics. The flocks of wool, or other material, are dusted 

 upon them before they pass through the last set of callenders, 

 which are covered with gum-elastic sponge, blankets, or other 

 elastic material, which fastens the flocks without disturbing the 

 coat of gum. 



The other method applies only to the laminated fibrous fabrics 

 of vellum, tissue, &c. Where the gum is applied upon one side 

 only of these goods, the other side may be carded and dressed 

 so as to form a nap of any length desired, or as long as the 

 staple that is used will admit of. 



EMBOSSING. 



The method of embossing various articles, such as globes, 

 dolls, toys, &c., differs materially from that of embossing India 

 rubber fabrics. 



The articles which are embossed are commonly those of the 

 class of hollow ware, which are expanded by the force of heated 

 air contained within them, when they are vulcanized, which 



