INSTBUCTIONS FOR THE MANUFACTURER. 181 



the needle and made into garments, or other articles, to fit and 

 suit the purchaser, and they can be made effectually water- 

 proof, after they are stitched, by the use of any of the water- 

 proof varnishes, or by a cement of India rubber dissolved in 

 pure camphene or turpentine, and applied to the seams. This 

 is more effectually accomplished when a welt of the same 

 material is used in the seams. 



These goods may also be mended with patches of the mate- 

 rial, by the same means, and small leaks may be effectually 

 stopped in air- work or water-proof articles by a few drops of 

 coUodium, or gun cotton varnish ; but this varnish does not ad- 

 here sufficiently to hold a seam where there is much strain ; 

 besides, it dries too suddenly to be used in such a way. Shoe- 

 makers' wax, or a drop of hot sealing-wax, will often answer for 

 stopping a small leak in air-work. Directions are given in the 

 second volume, on this subject, for some articles, with the 

 descriptions of those articles as they are made up at the 

 manufacturers'. 



Since the foregoing article was first stereotyped, a gum- 

 elastic cement has been discovered by the writer, which appears 

 to answer all the ends that are desired, for cementing the vul- 

 canized fabrics, except that of holding a strong seam where there 

 is much strain. But it answers well the purposes of mending 

 garments, patching air- work, umbrellas, and for cementing gum- 

 elastic soles to leather shoes, as well as for the purpose of 

 making up many articles from the lighter fabrics, such as tissue 

 and vellum. The public will, ere long, be put in possession of the 

 means of doing many things themselves with these fabi'ics, 

 which could otherwise only be done at the factories 



