220 GOODYEAR ON GUM-ELASTIC. 



are most useful when horses are standing exposed in cold 

 storms. At other times they are objectionable on account of 

 confining perspiration. Cloths plated on both sides are most 

 suitable for this purpose, for the reason that cloths, coated on 

 both sides, are not so liable to become mildewed, and to rot, as 

 those which are coated only upon one side. 



IMPROVED HORSE-BLANKETS. 



An improved article of horse-blankets may be made of plated 

 and napped fabrics, in two ways. Either by ventilating them 

 in the way described and represented in plate , fig. , or 



by making the top of the blanket of the above materials finely 

 perforated, as represented by plate , fig. . Either of 



these blankets will permit the free escape of perspiration from 

 the horse, and yet exclude the rain. 



IMPROVED STIRRUP. 



Stirrup irons of all sorts may be protected from rust by cover- 

 ing them with caoutchouc enamel. A further improvement is 

 made in them which is particularly applicable to ladies' stirrups, 

 by the addition of a cushion of gum-elastic sponge to the bottom 

 of the stirrup. See plate , fig. . A limited spring of 



stayed elastic fabric, of about two inches in length, is inserted 

 in the stirrup leather, which gives a pleasant elasticity to the 

 strap. See plate xxiv., fig. 12. 



WHIPS. 



Team whips, or an article made as a substitute for the covered 

 leather whips, have been manufactured by the licensees* from 



* Newark India Rubber Company. 



