180 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
salient and interesting, and a fairly exact idea of it is conveyed 
by thinking of a Penguin running for a few steps, and then, for 
an appreciable period, standing upon the water, the naked legs or 
feet just hidden by it. At the end of this mutual display, when 
the birds ride together on the water, the female again utters the 
deep guttural quack. After this they both swim into the bay, 
then, ina moment or two, one of them reappears at the entrance 
of it, rises in a slant from the water, and is off. Meanwhile, the 
chick that has been fed, being thus evaded, turns and repairs to 
its own upper end of the loch again. This may be at about 
6.30 to 6.45. There is nothing further to record up to 7.30 p.m., 
when I leave. 
In reference to the above nuptial pose or antic of these Divers 
—if we consider it as such—it may be instructive to quote from 
my paper on the Great Crested Grebe, in which something 
similar, though with an odd addition, is thus described :— 
‘‘ The two, fronting each other, touch, first, with their beaks. 
Then the female dives and comes up with a small piece of weed 
which she lets drop. Immediately afterwards the male dives 
too, and, coming up with a larger piece of weed, the two again 
front one another, and, all at once, both of them leap entirely 
upright in the water, standing, it would seem, on their feet, 
either upon the water itself or on the mud or weeds just below the © 
surface. They look like two Penguins, and each, as they stand face 
to face, must have the fullest view of the whole broad silver surface 
of the breast and body, as well as of the throat, of the other. 
Immediately after they have assumed this upright attitude, the 
hen bird catches hold of the dangling end of the weed which the 
male has brought up, and both, holding it between them, make 
little waddling steps, now forwards, now backwards, but not going 
more than a few inches, either way. Having done this for a little, 
both birds sink down again on the water, the piece of weed, which 
they had, all the while, held, falling disregarded between them, 
and then set off swimming for the nest, on the opposite shore.” 
Thus in each of these species we see a similar pose, in which 
the points of either are shown to the same advantage; but in 
the Grebes the idea of nest-building—still persisted in, though 
without apparent necessity—seems to have mingled with that of 
nuptial display. 
(To be continued.) 
