208 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
Asramis BRAMA. The Fresh-water Bream. Fig. III. 
Has nineteen horny gill-rakers on the first branchial arch in 
its hypo-cerato portion, short and broad at their base, termi- 
nating, however, in a fine hair-like point; the last two gill- 
rakers are rudimentary. The largest is only one-third the 
depth of the gill lamina’s depth belowit. There are three small 
gill-rakers on the first epibranchial. On the other arches there 
are numerous gill-rakers that fit alternately and make a close 
filter; those on the inner sides of the first, second, and third 
arches resemble little fleshy lumps, terminating in a fine hair at 
the apex. The teeth are in a single row, five each side, and 
slightly curved at the extremity; they bite against a small 
callous pad of an elongated oval shape. The whole of the upper 
part of the gullet is covered by a thick mucous membrane. 
ABRAMIS BUGGENHAGII. A hybrid. Fig. III. 
This is a cross between the Abramis brama and the Leuciscus 
rutilus. Its pharyngeal teeth are slightly curved at the ex- 
tremity ; as, however, this is also the case with both its parents, 
there is no favouring one or the other side in this, as was noted 
in the cross between the Carp and the Goldfish mentioned before. 
GosBio FLUVIATILIS. The Gudgeon. Fig. III. 
Has minute gill-rakers on all the arches. The teeth are 
curved at the extremity; they bite against a callous pad, and 
are in two rows, 4-2 and 2-4. 
Bariuius ninoticus. A Nile fish. Fig. III. 
The teeth are curved at the point. 
ALBuRNUS LucipUS. The Bleak. Fig. III. 
Has eight long, thin, horny gill-rakers on the first hypo- 
cerato portion of the first branchial arch, with two on the epi- 
branchial; the other arches have very small but numerous gill- 
rakers. The longest ones on the first arch are about four-fifths 
of the depth of the gill lamina below it. The teeth are curved 
at the extremity to the extent of being slightly hooked. They 
are in a double row, 5-2 and 2-5. No particularly hard callous 
pad was noticed for the teeth to bite against. 
