366 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
The trawlers landed 165,085 cwts. of flat fishes, the value of 
which was £232,053, about double the weight of those caught 
by the liners, and no less than three times the value, for whereas 
the liners only got an average of 15s. 9d. per cwt., the trawlers 
obtained 28s. 1d., since they captured a larger quantity of the 
more esteemed species, besides having greater facilities for rapid 
distribution from their ports. 
The total quantity of fishes landed in 1903 was 6,518,808 cwis., 
a result considerably exceeding the average of the previous ten 
years. It stands third (to 1898 and 1902) in quantity, and 
second to 1902 in value, which was £2,410,287, the price having 
been 7s. 5d. as against 7s. 3d.in 1902. This result was obtained 
by 11,008 vessels, of a tonnage of 140,531, valued at £3,448,168, 
a diminution of 2289 vessels, but an increase in value of 
£21,923. The steady decrease of sailing boats of the smaller 
size, their replacement by those of larger size and greater value, 
and an increase of vessels propelled by steam (nearly 300 per 
cent.) during the decade being the noteworthy features. How- 
ever, there are still 10,572 sailing boats as against 436 steam 
vessels. There were 36,162 fishermen employed, viz. 75 more 
than in 1902. In regard to Herrings, whilst the catch during 
the decade has varied little, the value has risen year by year, so 
that a sum of £474,145 more was obtained in 1908, as con- 
trasted with 1894, though the catch was 54,440 cwts. less. 
A considerable increase occurred in 1904 in the quantity of 
round fishes caught by liners, viz. 628,898 cwts., or 117,161 cwts., 
and £30,321 more than in 1903. Instead of tke continuous 
decline in the line-fishing of Cod, this year produced an improve- 
ment. Other round fishes such as the Ling also showed an 
increase, largely due to steam-liners in the Atlantic. 
Trawlers landed 1,520,949 cwts. of round fishes, an increase 
of 178,363 cwts. over the previous year, and £39,706 more in - 
value, though the average price was 7d. less per cwt. 
The liners brought to land 120,211 ecwts. of flat fishes, an 
increase of 38,152 cwts. and £16,112 over 1903, and this year 
the liners accounted for most of the general increase in weight 
and for the whole of the increased value, since the trawled flat 
fishes realized £11,837 less than in 1903. Halibut, which is 
chiefly caught by liners, showed a considerable increase. An 
