454 THE ZCOLOGIST. 
outer side of the fourth arches all carry short fat tubercles, 
which have a rough surface. The upper pharyngeal teeth, which 
are villiform, show as a roughly circular patch in the lowest 
portion, with two concentrical patches in the upper portion. The 
two plates bearing the lower pharyngeal teeth, also villiform, are 
so much rounded at the anterior end that they can hardly be 
called of a triangular shape. The tubercles of the branchial 
arches, whilst fitting alternately, yet have a small oblong open- 
_ ing for the passage of water to the gills; this shows clearly in 
the illustration. The food of this fish consists of crustaceans, 
molluscs, echinoderms, and seaworms. 
a b C 

especie Sd Oca 

Fic. Il].—a. TRIGA LYRA. 6. PERISTEDION CATAPHRACTUM. 
c. DACTYLOPTERUS VOLITANS. 
PERISTEDION CATAPHRACTUM. ‘The Armed Gurnard (Couch). 
Fig. III., b. 
Has twenty horny, upstanding gill-rakers from the angle of 
the first branchial arch to the end of the hypobranchial, the 
third one being the longest. There are five on the epibranchial. 
The other arches carry long narrow tubercles, which fit into 
each other alternately, so that when the branchial arches are 
closed together a very perfect filter is formed. The upper 
pharyngeal teeth, which are villiform, show as a roughly circular 
patch on each side, with a narrow circular patch above. The 
lower pharyngeal teeth, also villiform, show as two elongated 
