PHARYNGEAL THETH OF FISHES. 459 
disintegrating effect when at work—a kind of downward rasping 
action. The specimen examined had its gill-slits covered with a 
matted mass of foodstuff that had evidently been subjected to a 
triturating process, in which the pharyngeal teeth had probably 
borne their part. 
Cyttus austrauis. The Silver Dory (Stead). 
This fish has fourteen horny gill-rakers of the first cerato- 
hypobranchial arch, with three tubercles at the end nearest the 
tongue ; the longest ones, the third to the ninth from the angle, 
are about one-half the depth of the giil lamina below them. 
These gill-rakers are spatulate at the top, and carry a number 
of small teeth, which also grow upon the three end tubercles. 
On the first epibranchial there are six small gill-rakers, also 
tooth-bearing. The other arches have short stumpy gill-rakers, 
each of which is toothed. At the extremity of the second arch 
is found a large prominent tubercle covered with teeth. A similar 
tubercle is found at the extremity of the third arch, but smaller. 
The upper pharyngeal teeth are in two sections each side, but 
fitting so close as to look like one prominent patch. The teeth 
on them are cardiform. The lower pharyngeal stand up high on 
the floor of the mouth, and consist of two solid patches of minute 
cardiform teeth. 
(To be continued.) 
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