A REVISION OF THE OLD WORLD GENUS 

 ZAMARADA (LEPIDOPTERA : GEOMETRIDAE) 



By D. S. FLETCHER 



CONTENTS 



Synopsis 



Material examined 



Acknowledgements 



Treatment 



Zamarada Moore 

 Affinities . 

 Distribution 

 Biology 



Check-list of species included in Zamarada 

 Species transferred from Zamarada to other genera 

 Key to species-groups based on male genitalia 



References ....... 



Text-figures ....... 



Index ........ 



SYNOPSIS 



Page 

 3 

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8 



ii 



ii 



14 



15 



266 



271 



495 



All the 222 known species of the Old World genus Zamarada are described and illustrated. 

 A key to the species-groups based on the male genitalia is provided ; keys to species-level follow 

 each species-group heading. The 102 species previously known are re-described, 120 species 

 and 12 subspecies are described as new; 12 specific names are newly placed in synonymy, 5 

 names are restored to specific status from synonymy and one name is given new status. The 

 affinities of Zamarada with other Old World genera are discussed and an account is given of 

 the distribution of the genus. A check-list of species is included. Species originally described 

 in Zamarada and transferred, either previously or in this publication, have been listed together 

 with the new binomen. 



MATERIAL EXAMINED 



The revision is based on the study, not only of the material in the collection of the 

 British Museum (Natural History), which now includes the very rich collections of 

 the late Lord Rothschild, J. J. Joicey, Charles Oberthur and L. B. Prout, but also 

 of the extensive collection of Cameroun Zamarada formed by H. L. Weber, now 

 deposited in the Carnegie Museum in Pittsburgh, and of material which has been 

 loaned by most of the major museums in Europe and Africa and by Monsieur 

 C. Herbulot of Paris, whose immaculate private collection of Zamarada was most 

 kindly placed at my disposal. In all some 8000 specimens and 1500 genitalia 

 slides have been studied. All sources are listed in the Acknowledgements. 



The holotypes or lectotypes of all but four taxa have been examined; the type- 

 specimens of Pkalaena eucharis Drury and of Zamarada pulverosa Warren have 



