REVISION OF GENUS ZAMARADA 75 



- Apex of right valve roundly excavate, margins produced in digitate form; 



dorsal extension two-thirds as long as uncus, ventral extension very short. 

 Fulcrum extending just beyond tip of aedeagus . . indicate* (p. 76) 



3 (1) Apex of fulcrum densely and shortly scobinate, the spines never longer than 



one-half of width of fulcrum. Right valve narrowed to one-fifth of its 

 greatest width just below disc-like apex .... schalida (p. 79) 



Apex of fulcrum long-spined, many spines twice as long as width of fulcrum. 

 Right valve narrowed below apex, but never to less than one-third of its 

 greatest width ........... 4 



4 (3) Apex of right valve three times as broad as that of left valve. Distal margin 



of hyaline area of each wing very shallowly lunulate; non-hyaline terminal 

 area rarely excavate between veins M 3 and Cu ib . Distribution: Guinea to 

 Ghana. ........ regularis regularis (p. 78) 



- Apex of right valve twice as broad as that of left valve. Non-hyaline terminal 



area of each wing excavate between veins M 3 and Cn lb . Distribution: 

 Nigeria ........ regularis arcuata (p. 78) 



Zamarada flavicosta Warren 

 (Text-figs 99, 100; PI. 23, figs 541, 542; PI. 101, figs 906, 907; Map 2) 



Zamarada flavicosta Warren, 1897 : I22 - LECTOTYPE $, Nigeria (BMNH), here designated 



[examined]. 

 Zamarada flavicosta Warren; Swinhoe, 1904 : 515 (part). 



$ $ (PI. 101, figs 906, 907). Hyaline area of wings tinged with yellowish green, finely edged 

 distally with yellow, then dark brown and silvery grey; costa of fore wing yellow irrorate 

 with a vinaceous grey; discal spots minute, black. Non-hyaline terminal area greyish red 

 (pi. 7, B3) ; dentate subterminal fascia light brown (pi. 6, D6, cinnamon), strongly marked in 

 apical half of each wing, at tornus of fore wing and at anal angle of hind wing, and finely 

 edged distally with glossy buff; cilia chequered grey and yellow, the grey markings in the 

 discal area being smaller than at other parts of the termen. Underside of non-hyaline terminal 

 area uniformly dark brown; cilia as on upperside. 



There is variation in the extent and form of the hyaline excavation of the terminal area 

 of each wing, shallow and lunulate, angular (PI. 101, fig. 907) as in the lectotype and deep 

 and boldy curved. The ten examples from Entebbe and Kampala in Uganda are larger 

 (PI. 101, fig. 906) than most of the West African series, having a fore wing length of 16-0- 

 18-5 mm in the male and 16 mm in the female. The fore wing length of the West African 

 series measures 14-0-1 6-5 mm in the male and 12-16 mm in the female. 



<J genitalia (Text-figs 99, 100). Juxta almost triangular. Valves asymmetrical; mid- 

 dorsal margin of left valve and mid-ventral margin of right valve scobinate; dorsal process 

 grossly dilate and setose in basal third. Fulcrum subequal in length to aedeagus, coarsely 

 scobinate at apex. 



$ genitalia (PI. 23, figs 541, 542). Asymmetrical sterigma overlaid by and fused with a 

 sclerotized plate, which is crenulate along its posterior margin; an anteriorly inclined, hollow, 

 talon-like process at right side. 



Measurements. Fore wing: £ I4-o-i8-5 mm; $ 12-16 mm. Antennal pectinations: 

 O* 15 X , $ 7 X diameter of shaft. 



Most examples, especially those with either the shallow and lunulate or the 

 angular hyaline excavation of the non-hyaline terminal area, may be distinguished 

 from the sympatric schalida by wing pattern; the form with the angular hyaline 

 excavation of the non-hyaline terminal area is identical in wing pattern with the 



