REVISION OF GENUS ZAMARADA 151 



Zamarada vulpina Warren 

 (Text-figs 252, 253; PI. 53, figs 662, 663; PI. no, figs 988, 989) 



Zamarada vulpina Warren, 1897 : 123. Holotype <$, Nigeria (BMNH) [examined]. 

 Zamarada erna Strand, 191 5 : 179, text-fig. 5. Holotype 9. Cameroun (DEI, Eberswalde) 

 [examined]. 



$ 2 (PI. no, figs 988, 989). Hyaline area of wings tinged with yellow, slenderly edged 

 distally with pale yellow (pi. 4, A3) and then reddish golden (pi. 6, C7) ; discal spots minute. 

 Dentate subterminal fascia pale yellow, strongly marked and broadened between costa and 

 vein Mj on each wing; edged proximally and distally with reddish golden; each wing uniformly 

 greyish red (pi. 7, B3) proximad of subterminal fascia, pale yellow irrorate with greyish red 

 distad of it; termen slenderly reddish golden; cilia chequered pale yellow and greyish red. 

 Underside of non-hyaline terminal area light buff edged proximally with brown, broadly in 

 apical half of fore wing, narrowly in apical half of hind wing; a brown spot only at tornus of 

 fore wing and at anal angle of hind wing; termen slenderly brown. 



<§ genitalia (Text-figs 252, 253). Ventral plate of gnathus rounded at tip. Ventral margin 

 of valve weakly serrate apicad and curved to apex of dorsal margin. Aedeagus with small 

 thorn-like projection at one side of apex. Blades of fulcrum slightly asymmetrical, both 

 extending beyond tip of aedeagus. 



$ genitalia (PI. 53, figs 662, 663). Ostium bursae with slender, sclerotized collar. Corpus 

 bursae with a sclerotized, finger-like extension from ductus bursae inclined towards stellate 

 signum situate in anterior third. 



Measurements. Fore wing: <$ 12-14 mm; $ 12-15 mm. Antennal pectinations: <J 14 x, 

 $ 4 x diameter of shaft. 



Distinguished externally by the pale yellow, dentate subterminal fascia, strongly 

 marked on each wing between the costa and vein M v and by the uniformly 

 greyish red area proximad of it. Specimens from Mt Selinda in Rhodesia have a 

 yellower tone to the hyaline area of the wings and the extension of this area into 

 the patterned distal third is broader and deeper and the discal spot is larger 

 (PI. no, fig. 989); in these respects they resemble longidens, but in colour they 

 accord well with vulpina. 



In the male genitalia the blade-like halves of the fulcrum are almost equal in 

 length in those West African examples examined; in East African examples they 

 are slightly asymmetrical. Their length in relation to the aedeagus, however, 

 distinguishes vulpina from longidens. 



In the female genitalia the finger-like sclerotized pattern on the corpus bursae 

 is more strongly marked and more sharply defined in those West African examples 

 examined than in those from East African localities; the latter appear to be 

 indistinguishable from longidens. 



Distribution. Equatorial Africa. 



Material examined. 



Zamarada vulpina Warren, holotype $, Nigeria: Warri, Niger C.P., vi. 1896 

 (Dr Roth), Geometridae genitalia slide no. 4357, in BMNH. Zamarada erna Strand, 

 holotype 9, Cameroun ('Kamerun'): Bonaberi, xi-xii. 1910 (Hintz), in DEI, 

 Eberswalde. 



Guinea: Beyla (Dr Mir. Mrdzek), 1 $ (MM, Brno); Mt Nimba, vii-xii. 1951 



